upper limb muscles - forearm

Question 1

whats the deep fascia of the forearm called

Answer 1

the antebrachial fascia

Question 2

on an E12 slide what bone is more superficial, what can this tell us

Answer 2

the ulna is closer to the skin, its less deeply buried. so this shows us the medial side of the arm.
so it is the posterior compartment that also extends laterally around the radius

Question 3

how many muscles are in the anterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 3

8 muscles, 5 superficial and 3 deep

Question 4

what are the 5 superficial arm muscles of the anterior compartment

Answer 4

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 5

what is the common flexor origin

Answer 5

this is the medial epicondyle of the humerus, it is where all 5 of the superficial anterior compartment muscles connect to.

Question 6

what muscles are in the deep group of the anterior arm compartment

Answer 6

3 of them there are.
flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profondus, pronator quadratus

Question 7

common attachment site proximally of the deep anterior compartment muscles

Answer 7

dont have one lol, get punked. they attach to the ulna/ radius/ interosseous membrane.

Question 8

distal attachments of pronator teres and what movement it provide

Answer 8

attaches to the radius. so is a good pronator when the arm is extended

Question 9

where do the flexor carpi radialis and the flexor carpi ulnaris attach and what movemnt it do

Answer 9

they attach to the metacarpal bones - hence the name carpi. thus flex the wrist joint as they run across it

Question 10

what is attachment site of flexor digitorum superficialis and its movements

Answer 10

its tendons divide to have a tendon either side of the middle phalanx of fingers 2-5, flexion at the finger

Question 11

distal attachment of the palmar longus and movement

Answer 11

the palmar aponeurosis, hence wrist flexion

Question 12

whats the distal attachment of the pronator quadratis and movements

Answer 12

kinda just attaches to the radius and ulna in a square sort of shape, pronation. hence the name

Question 13

distal attachment site and movements of the flexor pollicis longus

Answer 13

distal phalanx of the thumb, thus does thumb flexion

Question 14

attachments of the flexor digitorum profundus and movements

Answer 14

the tendons of this muscle run between the two tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and goes to the distal phalanx. so it does finger flexion at the distal interphalangeal joint of fingers 2-5.

Question 15

how many muscles are in the posterior forearm compartment and what are their classifications

Answer 15

7 superficial and 5 deep

Question 16

what are the 7 superficial muscles of the posterior forearm and their classification

Answer 16

brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus - attaching to the lateral supracondylar ridge
extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digit minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, anconeous ( lateral epicodyle is the common attachment site of all of these)

Question 17

whta are the deep muscles of the posterior arm and their common proximal attachment

Answer 17

supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus and the extensor indicis. These attach to the radius, ulna or the interosseous membrane.
so kinda don’t really have a common distal attachment

Question 18

whats the distal attachment of the brachioradialis and what movement it do?att

Answer 18

attaches to the styloid process of the radius, hence pronation and supination

Question 19

whats the common distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris, and their function

Answer 19

all attach to the base of metacarpals, hence they do wrist extension

Question 20

what is the distal attachment of the extensor digitorum and movement

Answer 20

via extensor hood to bases of middle and distal
phalanx of 2nd -5th fingers, finger extension

Question 21

why are the finger flexors more powerful than the finger extenders

Answer 21

because of teh oblique tendinous bands running between the tendons of the muscles that extend the fingers

Question 22

what is the extensor hood

Answer 22

when the tendons of the extensor digitorum divide into 3 parts, a central band and two lateral bands. this arrangement forms an extensor hood.
central band to the middle phalanx and the lateral bands to the distal phalanx.

Question 23

what muscle makes the extensor hood

Answer 23

the extensor digitorum tendons

Question 24

whats the tendinous hood and what makes it

Answer 24

its a covering sheath over the extensor expansion. it if formed by tendinous fibres of various muscles - the lumbricals, interossei, extensor digiti minimi and the extensor indicis.

Question 25

what are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box

Answer 25

anteriorly: tendons of the extensor pollicis brevis and the abductor pollicis longus
posteriorly: tendon of the extensor pollicis longus.
floor: scaphoid and trapezium
roof: superficial branch of the gradual nerve and origin og the cephalic vein
this space also contains the radial artery.

Question 26

distal attachment and function of the supinator muscle

Answer 26

the radius and supination duh

Question 27

distal attachment and function of the abductor pollicis longus

Answer 27

abduct the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint as base of first metacarpal joint

Question 28

whats the distal attachments and function of the extensor pollicis brevis

Answer 28

proximal thumb phalanx, so thumb extension

Question 29

attachment and function of the extensor pollicis longus

Answer 29

distal thumb phalanx, hence thumb extension

Question 30

attachment of the extensor indicis and function

Answer 30

extensor hood of the index finger, so index finger extension