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Science For Paramedics > Femal Reproductive System And Labour > Flashcards

Femal Reproductive System And Labour Flashcards

1
Q

What are the external organs

A

Vulva - puddndum

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2
Q

What are the internal organs

A

Vagina
Uterus
Uterine fallopian tube

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3
Q

What are the external genitals of female

A

Moms pubis
Labia majora and labia minors
Clitoris
Vestibule
Hymen

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4
Q

What are the functions of the vulva

A

Acts as a sensory tissue during sexual Intercourse
Directing the flow of urine
Protection of internal female reproductive tact from infection

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5
Q

What is hamburger sign

A

this is where they determine the gender of the baby

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6
Q

What is the vagina

A

This is a fibromuscular tube with anterior and posterior walls. The inner layer is made up of squamous epithelial tissues an have a layer of connective tissues and smooth muscles

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7
Q

How long does a egg last for ovulating

A

24 hours is when a woman is fully fertilising

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8
Q

What are the two fornices

A

an anterior
posterior - acts like natural reservoir for semen after ejaculation

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9
Q

What are the functions of the vagina

A

sex organs - receives and allows passage of sperm
daily discharge -to cleanse and lubricate itself
Allows passage of menstrual blood
Allows passage of baby
Provides sensation

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10
Q

What is the cervix

A

Is a muscular tube and is the entrance to the uterus is the cervix

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11
Q

What is the function of Ectocervix and endocervical canal

A

Facilitates thepassage of sperminto the uterine cavity - via dilation of the exernal and internal os

Maintains sterilityof the upper female reproductive tract - frequent shedding of the the endometrium

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12
Q

What are the three layers of the uterus

A

Fundus on the top
Body
Cervix

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13
Q

What is the perimetruim

A

The outer layer

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14
Q

what is the myometrium layer

A

the middle layer

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15
Q

What is the endometrium

A

the inner layer

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16
Q

Where does the embryos implant

A

should implant in the endometrium

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17
Q

What are the uterine tubes

A

Assists in the transfer and transport of the ovum from the ovary to the uterus the inner mucosa has ciliated cells which waft the ovum towards the uterus.The Smooth muscle layer contracts to assist transportation of ovum and sperm.
Muscle is sensitive to sex steroids (Oestrogen and progesterone) which is why peristalsis is greatest when oestrogen levels are high – most fertile.

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18
Q

What are the four parts of the fallopian tubes

A

Isthmus - neck of the fallopian tube
Ampulla - angle tube
Infundibulum -
Fimbriae

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19
Q

What are the three layers of the ovaries

A

Surface:Formed of simple cuboidal epithelium.

Cortex:Largely comprised ofconnective tissue supporting follicles. Each follicle contains an oocyte surrounded by a single layer of follicular cells.

Medulla:Contains a rich neurovascular network which enters the ovary at the hilum.

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20
Q

What are the functions of ovaries

A

Produceoocytesin preparation for fertilization.

Produce the sex steroid hormonesoestrogenandprogesterone, in response to pituitary gonadotrophins (LH and FSH).

Each ovary taking an alternate turn in releasing an egg.

21
Q

What are the two Female reproductive cycle

A

Ovarian cycle
menstrual; cycle

22
Q

What is the Ovarian cycle

A

the preparation of endocrine tissues and the release of eggs,

23
Q

What is the menstrual cycle

A

the preparation and maintenance of the uterine lining. These cycles occur concurrently and are coordinated over a 22–32-day cycle, with an average length of 28 days.

24
Q

What are the four phases of menstrual cycle

A

Menstrual phase
folicular phase
ovulation phase
luteal phase

25
Q

What are the organs involved in the female reproductive system

A

Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary gland
Ovary
Uterus

26
Q

What happens on day 0

A

10-20 oocytes start to mature into:
Primary Follicles
This process is prompted by falling levels of progesterone which occur at the end of the previous cycle.

27
Q

what are the female reproductive organs glands

A

Hypothalmus
Anterior pituatary gland
ovary
uterus

28
Q

What does the hypothalmus relasee

A

Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone This stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release
Follicle Stimulating Hormone and luteinising hormone

29
Q

What does the Follicle Stimulating Hormone do

A

travels to the ovaries

30
Q

What is the follicular phase

A

Primary follicles can only develop into secondary follicles,As the follicles mature, they produce Oestrogen

31
Q

What does Oestrogen do

A

travels to the womb and tells it to prepare the uterine lining for a baby but also also travels to the hypothalamus and inhibits the release of GnDR which in turn stops the anterior pituitary gland releasing FSH

32
Q

What is the ovulation phase

A

this is the Surge of Oestrogen.stimulates the hypothalamus to release GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release FSH
and
Lutenising hormone

33
Q

What is the Lutenising hormone

A

this weakens the wall of the ovary, so the egg is released.

34
Q

What is atresia

A

if an oocyte or developing follicle does not mature it goes through atresia.the oocyte or follicle degenerates and is reabsorbed.

35
Q

How long does the egg live for

A

the egg lives for around 24 hours

36
Q

What is progesterone

A

tells the uterine lining to thicken and become highly vasularised.

37
Q

What is the ova

A

Ova leaves the ovary,is collected by the fimbra and enters the fallopian tube.

38
Q

What happens if you have high levels of LH

A

tells the remnant cells left after ovulation to release Progesterone

39
Q

What is the luteal phase

A

Corpus Luteum continues releasing Progesterone.if a sperm fertilizer an egg, Human ChorionicGonadotropin (hCG) is released which travels to the brain and tells the corpus luteum to maintain progesterone levels to support the developing placenta

40
Q

What is the menstrual phase

A

If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum in the ovary starts to break down after 10 days, and the levels of progesterone in the body begin to decrease. As progesterone levels decrease, the thickened uterine lining, which is highly vascularized, begins to break down and separate from the uterine wall. This process leads to the beginning of menstruation.

41
Q

What are the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome

A

back pain
abdominal pain
headache
nausea
fatigue

42
Q

What id included in menopause

A

Number of oocytes very depleted.
Ovaries begin to lose their sensitivity to FSH and LH.
Less oestrogen and progesterone is produced as a result.

43
Q

what occurs during menopause

A

Menstrual periods become infrequent, irregular and eventually stop.Lower oestrogen affects calcium metabolism leading to osteomalacia / osteoporosis. side effects hot flushes,heavy sweating,some hair loss,vaginal dryness

44
Q

What is mammary glands

A

located within the breast 15 to 20 lobes of glandulartissuethat radiate around the nipple.

45
Q

How does oestrogen link with mammary glands

A

Oestrogen causes glandular units and adipose tissue to grow during puberty.

46
Q

How does progesterone link with mammary glands

A

Progesterone causes the development of the duct system.

47
Q

Where does the milk get produced

A

Milk production occurswithin the alveoli,oxytocin stimulates the breast tissue to squeeze the alveoli, pushing the milk into the mammary ducts.
The ducts carry the milk through the breast.

48
Q
A

Science For Paramedics (13 decks)

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