Lecture 21 - Overcoming damage to the motor system Flashcards
what is the name of the large area of the brain dedicated to controlling dexterity?
motor homunculus
neurons in M1 synapse …… at motor muscles in the arm and hand, this is known as a …….. connection
directly, monosynaptic
neuroprosthetics replace what in the brain?
lost connections after complete spinal cord injury
neuroplasticity does what in the brain?
strengthens surviving conditions
name some examples of brain machine interfaces
EEG, fMRI, PET, LFP, ECoG
which brain machine interface has the highest spatial and lowest time resolution? which has the highest time but lowest spatial?
EEG, fMRI
rank these brain machine interfaces in order of lowest to highest spatial resolution: EEG, PET, SPECT, MEG, fMRI
lowest: fMRI
PET
MEG
SPECT
highest: EEG
rank these brain machine interfaces in order of lowest to highest time resolution: EEG, PET, SPECT, MEG, fMRI
lowest = EE/MEG
fMRI
PET
highest =.SPECT
what is the biomimetic approach in brain machine interfaces? give an example of one
interfaces should be designed to mimic lost motor pathways to restore natural limb movement e.g a prosthetic leg
what is the neurofeedback approach in brain machine interfaces? give an example
interfaces cannot mimic lost pathways but instead afford a new function that must be learned e.g a wheelchair or sprinters legs
give some examples of neural interfaces we have now for parkinsons, deafness and paralysis
brain stimulation, cochlear implants, brain controlled prosthetic limbs
give some examples of brain machine interfaces we could have in 20 years for epilepsy/depression and blindness
brain stimulation, vision implants
name the 4 ethical issues with neural interfaces
privacy - who owns your brain data?
equality - who decides who gets to benefit from interfaces?
autonomy - are you still in control?
normality - do you want a normal brain?
