Communication, Directing Attention, and Spatial Cognition

Question 1

what are the fxns of the temperoparietal association area

Answer 1

communication

directing attention

comprehending space

sensory integration, understanding communication, spatial comprehension, verbal and spatial intelligence

Question 2

what areas are responsible for understanding and generating language?

Answer 2

L hemisphere

Wernicke’s area

Broca’s area

Question 3

where is Wernicke’s area?

Answer 3

subregion of the L temperoparietal association cortex located at the junction

Question 4

what is Wernicke’s area responsible for?

Answer 4

retrieving, processing, and comprehending the meaning of words (spoken or written)

Question 5

where is Broca’s area located?

Answer 5

L inf gyrus of the frontal lobe

Question 6

what is Broca’s area responsible for?

Answer 6

understanding and providing syntax (arrangement of words and phrases)

instructions for language output

Question 7

what are the areas for nonverbal communication?

Answer 7

R hemisphere corresponding to Wernicke’s (R temperoparietal junction) and Broca’s area (R inf frontal gyrus)

Question 8

what is the R inf frontal gyrus (corresponding to Broca’s area) responsible for?

Answer 8

instruction for producing nonverbal communication

Question 9

what is the R temperoparietal junction (corresponding to Wernicke’s area) responsible for?

Answer 9

interpreting nonverbal communication

Question 10

what is the L hemisphere responsible for?

Answer 10

understanding and producing language (speech and writing)

impulsive behavior

info processing in a linear sequence (following a conversation or math problem)

Question 11

what is the R hemisphere responsible for?

Answer 11

understand and producing nonverbal communication

spatial orientation

inhibition of impulsive behavior

info processing in a holistic, pictorial manner (facial recognition)

Question 12

what area is responsible for directing attention?

Answer 12

R temporoparietal association area

Question 13

what area is responsible for spatial perception?

Answer 13

R parietal lobe

R post parietal association area

Question 14

what is involved in spatial perception?

Answer 14

construct of one’s own body to plan movements

body schema for positioning of the body

Question 15

what are the 3 disorders of language?

Answer 15

1) aphasia
2) alexia
3) agraphia

Question 16

if there is a language disorder present, where would the lesion be?

Answer 16

L hemisphere

Question 17

what is aphasia?

Answer 17

dysfxn of spoken language

Question 18

what is alexia?

Answer 18

dysfxn in comprehension of written language

Question 19

what is agraphia?

Answer 19

inability to write

Question 20

what is Wernicke’s aphasia?

Answer 20

receptive/fluent aphasia

impaired language comprehension (production also impaired)

produce sounds/words w/meaningless output

alexia, agraphia, and paraphasia

not aware of deficit

Question 21

what is paraphasia?

Answer 21

use of unintended words or phrases

Question 22

what is Broca’s aphasia?

Answer 22

motor and expressive aphasia

impaired spontaneous speech (no issues understanding language)

decreased fluency of spontaneous speech

speech muscles are uneffected

impaired written expression

may be unable to produce any language output

reading comprehension usually spared

slow and effortful reading aloud

awareness of deficit

Question 23

what is conduction aphasia?

Answer 23

damage to the subcortical connection bw Wernicke and Broca’s area

able to understand written and spoken language

meaningless speech or written communication in more severe cases

paraphasia in mild cases

Question 24

what is global aphasia?

Answer 24

large lesion of the L cerebrum leads to damage of Broca’s, Wernicke’s, and subcortical areas

severe inability to use language in any form

can’t produce meaningful speech or comprehend language

Question 25

what happens if there is a R inf gyrus lesion

Answer 25

unable to communicate nonverbally

speak monotone, lack emotional facial expressions, gestures

Question 26

what happens if there is a R temperoparietal junction lesion?

Answer 26

difficulty understand nonverbal communication

can’t tell the dif bw saying “get out of here” in a joking way vs in an angry way

Question 27

what is neglect?

Answer 27

behaving as if one side of the body/spatial environment doesn’t exist

Question 28

what side is typically affecting in neglect?

Answer 28

the L side from a R parietal association area lesion

Question 29

what is the R parietal association area responsible for?

Answer 29

directing attention and spatial relations

Question 30

what is personal neglect?

Answer 30

unilateral lack of awareness of sensory stim, personal hygiene, or movement of the limbs (hemiinattention)

Question 31

what is anosognosia?

Answer 31

type of personal neglect where the person is unaware/denies own illness

severe hemiparesis and personal neglect

Question 32

what is spatial neglect?

Answer 32

lack of understanding of spatial relationships

hemispatial deficit

issues with navigation, dressing (dressing apraxia), and construction (drawing a clock)