digestion

Question 1

what are the 7 food nutrients

Answer 1

carbohydrates
protein
fats (lipids)
fibers
water
vitamins
minerals

Question 2

what is carbohydrates made of?

Answer 2

sugars - glucose

Question 3

what is protein made of

Answer 3

amino acids

Question 4

what is fats (lipids) made of

Answer 4

glycerol and fatty acids

Question 5

examples of vitamins

Answer 5

vitamin D
vitamin E
vitamin C

Question 6

examples of minerals

Answer 6

iron
calcium

Question 7

what are carbohydrates used for in the body?

Answer 7

to provide energy - respiration

Question 8

what foods have carbohydrates in

Answer 8

starch and sugar

Question 9

what are protein used for in the body?

Answer 9

for growth and repair

Question 10

what are fats (lipids) used for in the body?

Answer 10

insulation
to store energy

Question 11

what are fibers used for in the body?

Answer 11

to help things move through the digestive system

Question 12

what is water used for in the body

Answer 12

bodily fluids

Question 13

what are vitamins and minerals used for in the body?

Answer 13

needed in small amounts to maintain health

Question 14

what is an enzyme

Answer 14

a biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of reaction without being used up

Question 15

how do enzymes work

Answer 15

lock and key theory

Question 16

what is lock and key theory

Answer 16

substrate binds to enzymes active site which is a complementary shape

Question 17

what do enzymes do in digestion

Answer 17

break down large food molecules into small soluble molecules that can diffuse into the blood

Question 18

what are the enzymes in digestion

Answer 18

carbohydrase (amylase)
protease
lipase

Question 19

where is carbohydrase (amylase) made

Answer 19

salivary glands
pancreas

Question 20

what is protease made

Answer 20

pancreas
stomach
small intestine

Question 21

where is lipase made

Answer 21

pancreas
small intestine

Question 22

where does carbohydrase work

Answer 22

mouth
small intestine

Question 23

where does protease work

Answer 23

small intestine
stomach

Question 24

where does lipase work?

Answer 24

small intestine

Question 25

what happenes in the mouth

Answer 25

mechanical digestion
- break food into smaller pieces
- makes it easier to swallow
chemical digestion
- salivary glands add carbohydrase
- carbohydrates –> sugars

Question 26

what does the oesophagus do?

Answer 26

transports food to the stomach

Question 27

what does the liver do?

Answer 27

makes bile

Question 28

what happenes in the stomach

Answer 28

mechanical digestion
- muscular walls churn food to break it down
chemical digestion
- protease added
- hydrochloric acid

Question 29

what does pancreas do

Answer 29

produces enzymes

Question 30

what is gall bladder used for

Answer 30

storing bile

Question 31

what does small intestine do

Answer 31

lipase is released
protease
carbohyddrase
bile is added
food nutrients are absorbes into blood by diffusion

Question 32

what does bile do

Answer 32

emulsifies fat
neutralises stomach acid

Question 33

what does large intestine do

Answer 33

absorbs water
mainly dead cells and waste products left

Question 34

how is rate of diffusion increased

Answer 34

large suface area
increased blood supply to maintain the concentration gradient
lots of villi
the walls - one cell thick - short diffusion distance