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Periodontics I > Traumatic Occlusal Forces- Final > Flashcards

Traumatic Occlusal Forces- Final Flashcards

1
Q

Injury resulting in tissue changes within the attachment apparatus (PDL, cementuman supporting bone) as result of occlusal forces:

A

Occlusal trauma

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2
Q

Occlusal forces=

A

teeth

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3
Q

T/F: OT may occur in an intact periodontal or in a reduced peridontium affected by perio disease

A

True

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4
Q

Reduced periodontium =

A

60% of bone loss

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5
Q

What is the gold standard for determining periodontal disease?

A

attachment loss

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6
Q

Terminology in the 2017 AAP world workshop changed the word “excessive” to:

A

traumatic

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7
Q

T/F: OVerall, past studies showed lack of “cause & effect” such as OT did NOT cause pocket formation or lead to loss of connective tissue

A

True

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8
Q

List the parts of the periodontium affected by occlusal forces:

A
  1. cementum
  2. PDL
  3. Alveolar bone proper
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9
Q

T/F: The gingiva and JE are NOT affected by occlusal forces

A

true

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10
Q

List the categories of occlusal trauma:

A

1A: primary occlusal trauma
1B: secondary occlusal trauma
1C: orthodontic

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11
Q

Controlled occlusal trauma to change the relationship of the teeth to one another

A

Orthodontics

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12
Q

What are the variables of occlusal trauma?

A
  1. DIRECTION of force
  2. MAGNITUDE of force
  3. DURATION of force
  4. FREQUENCY of occurrence

DIRECTION, MAGNITUDE, DURATION, FREQUENCY

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13
Q

Bone should be ____ from the CEJ

A

1-2mm

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14
Q

Trauma from occlusion is considered to be:

A

pathologic

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15
Q

Forces of occlusion ____ the adaptive capacity of the periodontium

A

exceed

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16
Q

List from pathological to physiological:

A

PATHOLOGICAL
- occlusal trauma
- hyperfunction
- normal
- hypofunction
- disuse atrophy
PHYSIOLOGICAL

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17
Q

Occlusal trauma & hyper function are considered:

A

pathological

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18
Q

Hypofunction & disuse atrophy are considered:

A

physiological

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19
Q

Placing a high amalgam restoration is an example of:

A

hyperfunction

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20
Q

A tooth that is barely occluding is an example of:

A

hypofunction

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21
Q

traumatic occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth with normal periodontal support:

A

primary occlusal trauma

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22
Q

With PRIMARY occlusal trauma, we may clinically see ____ that ___

A

ADAPTIVE mobility that does NOT progress

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23
Q

Give an example of PRIMARY occlusal trauma:

A

high restoration with mobility resolving following reduction

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24
Q

T/F: SECONDARY occlusal trauma tends to happen in a fairly late stage of nearly 60% bone loss

A

True

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25
Q

Injury resulting in tissue changes from normal or traumatic occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth with reduced periodontal support

A

secondary occlusal trauma

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26
Q

SECONDARY occlusal trauma may be seen as:

A

progressive mobility and or pain

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27
Q

Moving tooth #19 towards tooth #18

Compression side =

Tension side =

A

compression side = direction tooth is moving

tension side = direction opposite that tooth is moving

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28
Q

Direction that the tooth is moving due to OT:

A

compression

29
Q

Direction OPPOSITE to moving tooth due to OT:

A

tension

30
Q

As fibers are compressed due to OT, ____ is reduced

A

PDL space

31
Q

Compression side results in loss of:

A

fiber orientation

32
Q

Compression side results in increased capillary permeability, rupture of blood vessels and hemorrhage into PDL perivascular spaces ultimately resulting in:

A

edema

33
Q

T/F: With compression, resorption of alveolar bone proper (root resorption if severe) and widening of the PDL will occur

A

True

34
Q
  • increased capillary permeability, dilation
  • edema, disturbed fluid exchange
  • vascular damage with stasis, clotting, thrombosis
  • lowered periodontal resistance
  • accompany tissue effects, usually inor
A

minor trauma from occlusion

35
Q

What happens to the PDL on the tension side?

A

lengthening resulting in increased in PDL space

36
Q

Lengthening occurs on the tension side resulting in:

A

increased PDL space

37
Q
  • increase in PDL space
  • Rupture of PDL fiber bundles
  • Compression of PDL blood vessels and hemmorheage in perivascular
  • Deposition of new alveolar bone and DECREASE in PDL space (if severe, cemental tears)
A

Tension side

38
Q

This act results in RESORPTION of alveolar bone proper and WIDENING of the PDL space (root resorption if severe):

This act results in DEPOSITION of new alveolar bone and DECREASE of the PDL (if severe cemental tears)

A

compression side

tension side

39
Q
  • Crushing (pressure injury)- necrosis at furca, alveolar crest
  • Extravasated RBCs, hematoma, necrosis, & vascular damage
A

SEVERE trauma from occlusion

40
Q

Traumatic occlusal forces applied to tooth or teeth with NORMAL periodontal support

A

PRIMARY occlusal trauma

41
Q

What is the manifestation of PRIMARY occlusal trauma?

A

adaptive mobility (NOT PROGRESSIVE OR PATHOLOGIC)

example: Hyper occlusion

42
Q

NORMAL or TRAUMATIC occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth with REDUCED peridontial support

A

SECONDARY occlusal trauma

43
Q

What is the manifestation of SECONDARY occlusal trauma?

A

progressive mobility

44
Q

What is the only TRUE way to determine occlusal trauma occurrence?

A

Biopsy

45
Q

PROPOSED clinical and radiographic indicators of occlusal trauma:

A
  1. fremitus
  2. mobility
  3. occlusal discrepancies
  4. wear facets
  5. tooth migration
  6. fractured tooth
  7. thermal sensitivity
  8. discomfort/pain on chewing
  9. widened PDL ligament space
  10. root resoprtion
  11. cemental tear
46
Q

A palpable or visible movement of a tooth when subjected to occlusal force:

A

fremitus

47
Q

Clinical signs and symptoms of occlusal trauma:

A
  1. MOBILITY of affected teeth
  2. radiographic evidence of THICKENED PDL
  3. positive history of clenching or bruxism
  4. missing or tilted teeth
  5. evidence of occlusal interferences
48
Q

What is the mobility index we currently use for occlusal trauma:

A

miller

49
Q

Classify miller status:

First distinguishable sign of movement greater than normal

A

miller 1

50
Q

Classify miller status:

movement which allows crown to move 1mm from its normal position in any directon

A

miller 2

51
Q

Classify miller status

tooth may be rotated or depressed in alveoli

A

miller 3

52
Q

T/F: It is acceptable to use fingers to determine miller classifciation

A

False- MUST USE 2 RIGID INSTRUMENTS

53
Q

Grinding, clenching, or clamping of teeth. The force may damage tooth or attachment apparatus:

A

bruxism

54
Q
  • Increased mobility
  • pulpal sensitivity
  • bite tenderness
  • non-masticatory/ excessive occlusal wear
  • dull percussion sound
  • muscle tenderness/spasm/hypertrophy/tiredness
  • TMJ pain
  • Jaw lock
  • audible sounds
A

bruxism indicators

55
Q

What type of percussion sound will be heard with a bruxir?

A

dull

56
Q

Other manifestations of traumatic occlusal force include:

A
  1. malocclusions
  2. tooth migration
  3. fractured teeth
57
Q

Radiogrpahic signs of traumatic occlusal forces =

A
  1. WIDENED PDL space
  2. THICKENED lamina dura
  3. vertical (angular) bone loss
  4. furcal bone loss
  5. alveolar radiolucency &/or condensation
58
Q

The PDL is thickest at the ___ &___

A

apices & alveolar crest (0.20mm)

59
Q

What is the measurement of the PDL at the mid root?

A

0.15mm

60
Q

What is the biggest contraindication to occlusal adjustment?

A

WHen periodontal inflammation has NOT been controlled

(other contraindications include)
- abscence of pre-treatment diagnosis
- prophylactic therapy or sole treatment of periodontal disease
- as primary treatment of bruxism
- severe extrusion or malpositioned teeth

61
Q

T/F: Tooth mobility positively affects the outcome of periodontal therapy and maintenenance

A

FALSE- negatively affects

62
Q

T/F: Tooth mobility will generally decrease once inflammation is controlled

A

true

63
Q

Occlusal adjustment is best done in conjunction with:

A

periodontal therapy

64
Q

Hypefunction is a slight increase in occlusal force. This is considered to be a ____ adaptation

A

PHYSIOLOGIC

65
Q

Trauma from occlusion in the absence of inflammation does NOT cause:

A
  1. gingivitis
  2. peridontitis
  3. pocket formation
66
Q

T/F: There is NO EVIDENCE that TOF causes non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs). Most studies use finite element analysis

A

TRUE

67
Q

NCCLs may result from:

A
  1. abrasion
  2. erosion
  3. corrosion
68
Q

T/F: evidence form observational studies reveal that traumatic occlusal DOES cause gingival recession

A

FALSE- TOF does NOT cause gingival recession

69
Q
A

Periodontics I (18 decks)

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