Paper 3 Review

Question 1

Good Neighbor Policy

Answer 1

1933-1945
FDRs policy meant to improve relations with latin America and create new trade opportunities for the US.
Example removing troops from Nicaragua and Haiti
Ended during Yalta in 1945 because of switch to US self interest, now focused on containing communism

Question 2

Atomic Bomb (reason for and significance)

Answer 2

Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombed August 1954
Manhattan Project team of scientists working on developing nuclear weapons in US
Reasons Bombing Justified:
- Another year of war and high loss in American troops if no bomb
- American new Japanese typically did not surrender
Reasons Bombing Not Justified:
- Americans alreading bombing cities using conventional bombs
- Evidence that Japan was already planning to surrender

Question 3

Treatment of Japanese Americans

Answer 3

Pearl Harbor December 7th 1941
Executive Order 9066 passed by FDR
Korematsu vs US justified Internment
442nd Regimental Combat Team proved Japanese American were loyal

Question 4

Truman Containment

Answer 4

Truman 1945-1953
Main Goals: prove himself, avoid appeasement, preserve Europe market for American goods
Iron Curtain Speech 1946 Soviet vs Western Influence
Truman Doctrine 1947
Marshall Plan 1948

Question 5

McCarthyism

Answer 5

near hysterical anticommunism in the US marked often by basseless claims, charater assasinations, guilt by association, abuse of power
Joseph McCarthy Republican senator 205 names of comunists in state department
Message:
- American gov infultrated by communists
- Mos/Stalin having there way, reason why communism spreading
- Communist in US gov working to turn US communist

Question 6

Role of US in Korean War

Answer 6

Truman Involved:
- Domino Theory, Truman containment
- McCarthysism in US, need to prove himself
Military Intervention:
- UN troops
- US/UN forces push NK forces passed 38th parallel
Air and Naval:
- US air force extensive, bombing campaign against North Korea effective
MacArthur:
- strategy to break out and surprise North Korea effective
- wants to capture entire peninsula which gets China involved

Question 7

Role of US in Vietnam War

Answer 7

First Phase: US supported Vietnamese but started supporting French as Vietnamese became more communist
Domino Theory led to support of South Korea
US support Diem financial even through he was a corrupt leader
Gulf of Tonkin (1964): authorized president to “take all necessary measures” against the Viet Cong
Tet Offensive: became clear US cannot win the war against NV. withdraw from the war

Question 8

New Look Policy

Answer 8

Eisenhower 1953-1961
Eisenhower’s policy of containment that aimed to prevent extension of Soviet communism outside of areas where it was already present.
- based on belief that without opportunity to expand soviet system would collapse in on itself
Cuba Example:
- Bay of Pigs 1961
- Embargos and Isolationism
- Cuban Missile Crisis
Example Guatemala:
- Overthrowing Jacob Arbenz
- Supporting Authoritarian Regimes

Question 9

Alliance for Progress

Answer 9

JFK 1961- 1963
JFKs policy in 1961 that attempted to mend relations between US and Latin America by sending aid through money.
Chile Example:
- money went to elite and they used it to improve there own self interest
- US sent money because theyw ere afraid pf the spread of communism. Intentionally did not fund communist projects.
- did not achieve goal of spreading democracy

Question 10

Nixon’s covert operations in Chile

Question 11

Cold War in Cuba

Question 12

Red Queen Effect

Answer 12

As soon as one side develops a technology the other side will develop the same technology or a better technology so that no side has a prolonged technological advantage.
- Seen in arms race, WWII

Question 13

Panama Canal Treaty

Question 14

Civil Rights Black Radicalism

Answer 14

• Expansion of activity into Northern and western US
  1965 Movement starts to shift, more foccus on economic issues an critism of capitalism and less focuss on segregation laws and acts
• Black Panther Party Armed Self Defense, protect black community from police violence, created social programs
• Cointelpro FBI program to target political group deemed threatening. Spied on the Black Panther Party

Question 15

Native American Movement

Answer 15

• National Congress of American Indians (1944) and National Indian Youth Council (1961)
• Voting Rights, given the right to vote but not aloud to vote in practice
• Occupation of Alcatraz (1969-1971) Goal is to increase recognition of treaty rights and more sovereignty, biggest sucsess media attention
• Wounded Knee AIM led occupation and took Sioux emebers hostage, they said tehy would release there people if US government recognized there treaty rights, AIM eventually surrendered

Question 16

Women’s Movement

Answer 16

• Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique 1963,Book explains how Women were dissatisfied with there role as housewives
• ERA (Equal Rights Amendment), Proposed amendment to the constitution that would say it was unconstitutional to discriminate on the basis of sex, ERA was stopped and in 1982 officially voted down
• National Organization for Women (NOW), 1966 Worked towards trying to gain rights for women in all sorts of ways
  Achievements
• Equal Pay Act 1963, women must be payed the same as men
• Civil Rights Act 1964, included no discrimination in public accommodations based on sex
• The Pill 1965, 1972, the birth control pill is legalized, first married women than all women
• Roe v. Wade 1973, women can get abortions

Question 17

Chicano Movement

Question 18

Sino Soviet Relations