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NEUROLOGY > CEREBELLUM > Flashcards

CEREBELLUM Flashcards

1
Q

El … representan sistemas de retroalimentación sobre la corteza motora que refinan en última instancia la salida motora desde la misma

A

cerebelo (A) y los ganglios basales (B)

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2
Q

El cerebelo proporciona …., que se usa para optimizar el programa motor

A

información propioceptiva compleja sobre la posición del cuerpo en el espacio en tiempo real

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3
Q

Organización general de los sistemas motores

A
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4
Q
A
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5
Q
A
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6
Q
A
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7
Q

La unidad de procesamiento cellular de la corteza cerebelosa son las …

A

células de Purkinje

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8
Q

La inhibición de las neuronas de los núcleos
profundos del cerebelo por parte de las … da
lugar a cambios en el patrón y frecuencia de disparo de estas neuronas

A

células de Purkinje

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

Fastigial nucleus receives info from…

A

Vestibulocerebellum: balance information
They project back to the vestibular nuclei

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11
Q

Spinocerebellum projects to… with … info

A

Interposed nucleus, propioception

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12
Q

Vestibulocerebellum controls…

A

Equilibrium

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13
Q

Spinocerebellum controls…

A

Position, muscles tone

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14
Q

The … is connected to the dentate nucleus and it deals with … info

A

Pontocerebellum, pontine nuclei (which come from cortex)

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15
Q

EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE CEREBELLUM

A
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16
Q

Localization of fronto‐, parieto‐, temporo‐, and occipitopontine fibers in the crus cerebri

A
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17
Q

Cell layers in cerebellum

A
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18
Q

Tipos de células y relaciones sinápticas en la corteza cerebelosa

A
19
Q

interacciones sinápticas en la corteza cerebelosa

A
20
Q

Principales tipos de proyecciones aferentes al cerebelo

A

•Fibras musgosas: MOSSY FIBERS
Médula espinal – cels granulares
N vestibulares – “ “
N del puente – “ “

+ Fibras trepadoras: CLIMBING FIBERS
oliva inferior – 1:1 cél Purkinje

21
Q

Esquema del resultado de la activación de un haz de fibras paralelas sobre las células de Purkinje de su dominio, sobre la salida corticonuclear y la salida cerebelosa

A
22
Q

Info exiting the cerebellum will go through:

A
  • SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE to THALAMUS, RED NUCLEUS (MIDBRAIN), RETICULAR FORMATION AND VESTIBULAR NUCLEUS.
  • INFERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE to RETICULAR FORMATION.
23
Q

Las lesiones cerebelosas producen alteraciones de la coordinación y el equilibrio, que en conjunto se suelen denominar:

A

ATAXIA

24
Q

En la ataxia, los movimientos tienen un curso ondulante: se pasa, no llega, se pasa otra vez, a lo largo de la trayectoria deseada. Los movimiento atáxicos presentan … (ritmo anormal) y … (trayectoria anormal)

A
  • disritmia
  • dismetría
25
Q

Lesiones en hemisferios cerebelosos pueden causar…

A

trastorno del movimiento coordinado (disinergia), ataxia, dismetría

26
Q

Trastorno del movimiento coordinado se conoce como… y es causado por una lesión en el hemisferio cerebeloso

A

DISINERGIA

27
Q

La incapacidad para realizar movimientos alternantes rápidos se conoce como… y viene dada por lesiones en los hemisferios cerebelosos.

A

disdiadococinesia

28
Q

FIBERS THAT ENTER THE CEREBELLUM

A

-Spinocerebellum tracts (via the inferior CEREBELLAR peduncles)
- Olivocerebellar projections (via the inf peduncles)
- Vestibulocerebellar projections (via the middle CEREBELLAR peduncles)
- Pontocerebellar fibers (via the middle CEREBELLAR peduncles)

29
Q

FIBERS THAT EXIT THE CEREBELLUM

A
  • To vestibular nuclei: control posture
  • To the reticular formation: reticulospinal tract-lower limb extension
  • To the red nucleus: RUBROSPINAL tract-upper limbs flexión
  • To the thalamus: VPLo and VPL thalamic nuclei
30
Q

… cells are excitatory. They form parallel fibers and synapse on a row of purkinje cells, exciting them

A

GRANULE CELLS

31
Q

Fastigial nucleus projects to…

A

VESTIBULAR NUCLEI

32
Q

Interposed nuclei project to…

A

RED NUCLEUS

33
Q

Dentate nucleus projects to…

A

RED NUCLEUS/THALAMUS

34
Q

If a patient presents palatal tremor, he might have the ….cerebellar system damaged.

A

Cortico/ponto or cerebelo-cerebelo

35
Q

The CEREBELLAR hemispheres are… to the body, … to the brain.

A

Ipsilateral, contralateral

36
Q

Right cerebellum connects to … inferior olive and red nucleus.

A

LEFT

37
Q

Left cerebellum connects to … inferior olive and red nucleus

A

RIGHT

38
Q

Stance and trucal ataxia might show problems in the…

A

VESTIBULOCEREBELLUM

39
Q

Nystagmus and other abnormal eye movements might show problem in the…

A

VESTIBULOCEREBELLUM

40
Q

Gait ataxia (widened stance while walking) and hipotonia might show a dysfunction in…

A

SPINOCEREBELLUM

41
Q

Dysmetria (problems in contraction of agonist and antagonist=decomposing the movement) might show problems in…

A

PONTOCEREBELLAR/CEREBROCEREBELLAR PATHWAY

42
Q

Dysdiadochokinesia: difficulty in performing repetitive movements, might be caused due to problems in….

A

CEREBROCEREBELLAR PATHWAY

43
Q

Tremor might be caused due to ….

A

CEREBROCEREBELLAR DYSFUNCTION

NEUROLOGY (27 decks)

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