Ch.4 Test Study

Question 1

Norms that are considered to be central to the functioning of society and to social life.

Answer 1

Mores

Question 2

The set of specific and general forces that work together to integrate and connect economic, political, and social systems across countries, cultures, or geographical regions so that nations become increasingly interdependent and similar.

Answer 2

Globalization

Question 3

A tax that a government imposes on imported or, occasionally, exporting goods.

Answer 3

Tariff

Question 4

Organizations that presently are not in a task environment but could enter if they so choose.

Answer 4

Potential Competitors

Question 5

The purchase or production of inputs or final products from overseas suppliers to lower costs and improve product quality or design.

Answer 5

Global Outsourcing

Question 6

The wide-ranging global, economic, technological, sociocultural, demographic, political, and legal forces that affect an organization and its task environment.

Answer 6

General Environment

Question 7

A worldview that values the quality of life, warm personal friendships, and services and care for the weak.

Answer 7

Nurturing Orientation

Question 8

Ideas about what a society believes to be good, right, desirable, or beautiful.

Answer 8

Values

Question 9

Outcomes of changes in, or changing attitudes towards, the characteristics of the population, such as age, gender, ethnic origin, sexual orientation, and social class.

Answer 9

Demographic Forces

Question 10

Individuals and groups that buy the goods and services an organization produces.

Answer 10

Customers

Question 11

Individuals and organizations that provide an organization with the input resources it needs to produce goods and services.

Answer 11

Supplier

Question 12

Organizations that help other organizations sell their goods and services.

Answer 12

Distributor

Question 13

Organizations that produce goods and services that are similar to a particular organization’s goods and services.

Answer 13

Competitors

Question 14

An organization that operates and competes in more than one country.

Answer 14

Global Organization

Question 15

The set of forces and conditions that originate with suppliers, distributors, customers, and competitors and affect an organization’s ability to obtain inputs and dispose of its outputs because they influence managers daily.

Answer 15

Task Environment

Question 16

The traditional system of relationships established between people and groups in a society.

Answer 16

Social Structure

Question 17

A worldview that values subordination of the individual to the goals of the group and adherence to the principle that people should be judged by their contribution to the group.

Answer 17

Collectivism

Question 18

Individuals and organizations that provide an organization with the input resources it needs to produce goods and services.

Answer 18

Suppliers

Question 19

A worldview that values individual freedom and self-expression and adherence to the principle that people should be judged by their individual achievement rather than by their social background.

Answer 19

Individualism

Question 20

Factors that make it difficult and costly for and costly for an organization to enter a particular task environment or industry.

Answer 20

Barriers to Entry

Question 21

The degree to which societies except the idea that inequalities in the power and well-being of their citizens are due to differences in individual physical and intellectual capabilities and heritage.

Answer 21

Power Distance

Question 22

The degree to which societies are willing to tolerate uncertainty and risk.

Answer 22

Uncertainty Avoidance

Question 23

Interest rates, inflation, unemployment, economic growth, and other factors that affect the general health and well-being of a nation or the regional economy of an organization.

Answer 23

Economic Forces

Question 24

The set of global forces and conditions that operate beyond an organization’s boundaries but affect a manager’s ability to acquire and utilize resources.

Answer 24

Global Environment

Question 25

A worldview that values thrift and persistence and achieving goals.

Answer 25

Long-Term Orientation

Question 26

Customer’s preference for the products and organizations currently existing in the task environment.

Answer 26

Brand Loyalty

Question 27

Unwritten, informal codes of conduct that prescribe how people should act in particular situations and are considered important by most members of a group or organization.

Answer 27

Norms

Question 28

Represents the worldview that values personal stability or happiness and living for the present.

Answer 28

Short-Term Orientation

Question 29

Represents the cost advantages associated with large operations.

Answer 29

Economies of Scale

Question 30

The combination of skills and equipment that managers use in designing, producing, and distributing goods and services.

Answer 30

Technology