biodiversity of plants (basic)

Question 1

what are bryophytes

Answer 1

-mosses (non vascular land plants)
-no true conducting tissue (xylem and phloem)
-thallus - no true roots, stems and leaves
-produces spores, no seeds
-depends on water for fertilisation of gamates

Question 2

what are pteridophytes

Answer 2

-ferns (seedless vascular plants)
-well developed vascular tissues
-has true roots, an underground stem and large leaves
-produces spores not seeds
-depends on water for fertilisation of gametes

Question 3

what are gymnosperms

Answer 3

-conifers (pollen and seeds)
-has well developed vascular system
-has true roots (tap root system with lateral roots), woody stems and small leaves
-produce’s cones with seeds without protective covering
-separate male and female spores
-does NOT depend on water for fertilisation

Question 4

what are angiosperms

Answer 4

-flowering plants (fruits)
-produces flowers with seeds enclosed by a protective fruit
-has separate male and female spores
-does not depend on water for fertilisation

Question 5

what are the two types of reproduction in plants

Answer 5

-asexual
-sexual

Question 6

what is asexual reproduction

Answer 6

-one parent is involved and the offspring has the same genetic composition of the parent
-no gametes (sex cells)
-involves binary fission

Question 7

what are the advantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 7

-large number of offspring produced
-all offspring are identical

Question 8

what are the disadvantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 8

-rapid offspring
-weak characteristics from parents
-overpopulation

Question 9

what is sexual reproduction

Answer 9

-two parents and their genetic material combines
-gametes produced by meiosis
-fertilisation takes place and forms a diploid zygote
-the zygote divides by MITOSIS to form an embryo