Amino acid metabolism Flashcards
What is the amino acid nitrogen used for?
Urea synthesis
What is the amino acid carbon used for?
Energy storage or energy
Where are amino acids obtained?
From the diet when proteins are digested
What happens If amino acids are not stored?
They are degraded
When does the degradation and re synthesis of proteins happen? (protein turnover)
Constantly
What “machinery” does protein degradation?
Proteasome
What tags proteins for destruction?
Ubiquitin
2 types of amino acids in relations to amino acid catabolism?
Glucogenic
Ketogenic
Which 4 amino acids play a key role in the transport and distribution of amino groups?
Alanine
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid
Glutamine
Where does the urea cycle happen?
In the liver
What are
Alanine
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid
Glutamine
quickly converted into?
Key citric acid cycle intermediates
What can aspartate be transformed into?
Malate
What can alanine be transformed into?
Oxaloacetate
When does amino acids undergo oxidative degradation?
When they are not needed for new protein synthesis
Ingested amount exceeds the body’s needs
Cellular proteins are used as fuel because carbs are unavailable or not properly utilised
What does transmination reactions yield?
An alpha-keno acid
