17 Flashcards
Explain the ideas of existentialism + phenomenology.
People try to transcend or move above or outside of themselves to become open to all experiences and by rising above the realities of life
How is “reality” seen in the humanistic view?
As only how every person
uniquely lives the “here” and “now”
through their own subjective expeiences
Define Umwelt.
People’s relationship to the WORLD around them.
Define Mitweld?
People’s relationship to the SOCIAL world around them.
Define Eigenwelt.
people’s relationship with the psychological INNER WORLD related to the self, values and potential.
What do Triandis distinguish between?
Etics - cultural experiences that are shared by all cultures.
Emics - experiences that are specific to a culture
People do not only react to physical realities which are perceived (seen, felt, heard,smelt) but also …..
how they subjectively interpret events and phenomena.
How is a person’s self-concept formed.
By progressive subjective experiences during personality development.
How do Humanists view people’s potential?
People an intrinsic ability to grow towards healthy adjustment, maturity and achievement of potential and goals.
Explain the concept of “self-actualisation”.
It refers to
a person’s intrinsic ability
to continually choose and achieve
what they want to be.
The Humanist, Rogers’s theory comprises of 2 premises. Name them.
- The Phenomelogical field
- the Organism
- the Self
In Roger’s theory, what does the Phenomenological field represent?
All experiences, perceptions and meanings attached to objects + events
outside the person
OR
Internal experiences and meanings about the person’s own self
In Roger’s theory, what do the organism represent?
Refers to the total individual : basic motive is to actualise own potential, maintain and improve.
In Roger’s theory what does the Self represent?
An individual’s perceptions of them self.
Self-consciousness / self-awareness develop at an early age. What does it enable us to do?
To recognise and reflect on the self
For the adult it means reflection on emotions
such as pride, shame and embarrassment
What could s lf-awReness for a young child mean?
Could literally recognising themselves in a mirror
Define self-verification.
Also self-enhancement
Person’s efforts to find agreement between self-perception and info from the environment
Define self-schemas.
The self not as a unitary phenomenon but rather multidimentional.
The various attributes people cognitively attach to their self-concept. Eg pretty, intelligent
Define self-identity.
Who one is.
A more specific sense of self-concept
Define self-assessment.
Also self-esteem
How one values oneself as being good or bad or able to do things well.
Self-esteem is a great contributor to work involvement, motivation and performance
Name the 5 attributes of employees with high self-esteem.
1) work harder when neg feedback is received
2) work and decide independently
3) less affected by chronic stressors
4) more ambitious
5) less likely to conform to group norms
Define self-efficacy.
One’s conviction that one can successfully execure the behaviour to produce the expected outcomes.
Give an example of a distorted self-perception.
narcissistic personality disorder where the person’s self-valuing is directed at self-love
What does Allport’s proprium mean?
A sense of self
