17.1- Laying the foundations of inheritance

Question 1

specific traits are also known as

Answer 1

phenotypes

Question 2

selective breeding=

Answer 2

breeding plants and animals for specific traits

Question 3

who was responsible for pangenisis

Answer 3

aristotle

Question 4

pangenesis=

Answer 4

egg and sperm contain pangenes which develope into the part of the body they’re derived from

Question 5

antony van Leeuwenhoek discovered ____

Answer 5

living sperm using a microscope because he thought he saw a ‘mini person’ in the sperms head

Question 6

regnier de graaf thought the ‘mini person’ was in the _____

Answer 6

egg and the sperm stimulated it to develop

Question 7

what 7 traits did mendel study in pea plants

Answer 7

stem length
pod shape
seed shape
seed colour
flower position
flower colour
pod colour

Question 8

why did mendel use true breeding plants

Answer 8

because they show the same chracteristics in each generation

Question 9

p=

Answer 9

parental generation

Question 10

F1=

Answer 10

first filia AKA offspring generation

Question 11

F2=

Answer 11

second filia generation

Question 12

what did mendel do

Answer 12

he crossed parental plants with different characteristics to produce to F1 generation and then let the F1s self pollinate to produce the F2 generation

Question 13

monohyloroid generation=

Answer 13

a cross of 2 organisms involving only one trait

Question 14

traits shown in the F1 generation are considered

Answer 14

dominant

Question 15

traits not shown in the F1 generation are considered

Answer 15

recessive

Question 16

what is Mendel’s first law (laws of segregation)

Answer 16

all individuals have 2 copies of each factor/allele. the 2 copies segregate randomly when gametes are formed so each gamete receives only one copy

Question 17

Dominant alleles are represented by

Answer 17

the use of a capitol for the first letter of the allele

Question 18

recessive alleles use___

Answer 18

lowercase letter for the first letter of an allele

Question 19

mendle also conducted ___ crosses

Answer 19

dihybrid

Question 20

dihybrid crosses is the study of

Answer 20

2 different traits at the same time to look for a relationship between alleles

Question 21

what’s Mendel’s second law caled

Answer 21

the law of independent assortment

Question 22

what is the law of independent assortment

Answer 22

alleles of different genes segregate independently during gamete formation

Question 23

incomplete dominance=

Answer 23

neither allele can completely hide the other one (blue+yellow= green)

Question 24

co-dominance=

Answer 24

both alleles appear together in an organism (blue= yellow= yellow and blue spots)

Question 25

Sutton was responsible for

Answer 25

the chromosome theory of inheritance

Question 26

what was the chromosome theory of inheritance (2)

Answer 26

1) genes are carried on chromsomes 2) alleles come in pairs and segregate independantly during gamete formation