17.2 ATP synthesis Flashcards
what is chemiosmosis?
diffusion of protons from a high concentration to a low concentration across a partially permeable membrane
what does chemiosmosis produce?
movement of protons down the concentration gradient releases energy which can be used to form ATP
how can electrons be excited?
by pigments absorbing light from the sun
when chemical bonds are broken in respiratory substrate molecules
what is an electron transport chain made up of?
a series of electron carriers
how is a proton gradient formed?
energy from the transfer of electrons up the ETC is used to pump H+ ions out
how is the proton conc gradient maintained?
due to the impermeability of the membrane to H+ ions
how can protons move back through the membrane after chemiosmosis?
through hydrophilic protein channels linked to ATP synthase
what happens at ATP synthase when H+ ions pass through?
ADP + P ———> ATP
can ATP be stored?
no
it is constantly used and regenerated
