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Dental Hygiene 1 > Costley Module 16 ch 20 > Flashcards

Costley Module 16 ch 20 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 most frequent surfaces you find calculus on?

A

lingual MN anteriors

facial MX molars

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2
Q

What are some other names for supra-gingival calculus

A

supra-marginal
extra-gingival
Coronal
Salivary

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3
Q

What are some other names for sub-gingival calculus

A

Submarginal

Serumal

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4
Q

Mature calculus is usually ___ to ___% inorganic

A

70-90

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5
Q

at least 2/3 of the inorganic matter of calculus is _____

A

hydroxyapatite

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6
Q

What are the other types of crystalline found in calculus

A

brushite
whitlockite
octacalcium phosphate

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7
Q

Enamel contains ___% inorganic material

A

96

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8
Q

Dentin contains ______% inorganic material

A

65

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9
Q

Cementum and bone contain __ to _% inorganic material

A

45-50

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10
Q

The organic component of calculus is made up of?

A

microorganisms
desquamated epithelial cells
leukocytes
mucin

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11
Q

Calculus results from the deposition of _____ into a biofilm organic matrix

A

minerals

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12
Q

What are the 3 steps to calculus formation

A

pellicle formation
biofilm formation
mineralization

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13
Q

Early Calculus Formation is when _____ form

A

mineralization foci (centers)

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14
Q

Mineralization first occurs within the _____

A

intermicrobial matrix

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15
Q

Heavy calculus former have higher salivary levels of _____

A

calcium and phosphorus

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16
Q

Light calculus formers have a higher level of ______

A

parotid pyrophosphate

17
Q

What is an inhibitor of calcification and is used in anti-calculus toothpaste

A

pyrophosphate

18
Q

Calculus forms in ______

A

layers

19
Q

The layers in calculus are separated by lines that appear to be______ and are called _______ lines?

A

pellicle

incremental

20
Q

The surface of calculus is _____ and can be detected by use of a ____ or _____

A

rough
explorer
probe

21
Q

The outer layer of sub-gingival calculus is partly _____ ________ that is touching the _____

A

calcified biofilm

pocket epithelium

22
Q

The average formation time of calculus is_____ However, it can begin as early as _____ to _____ when a patient’s personal daily oral hygiene is neglected?

A

12 days

24-48 hrs

23
Q

The ease/difficulty of removal can be related to what?

A

manner of attachment

24
Q

Calculus attachment by means of ______ is easily removed and occurs most frequently on enamel and newly scaled root surfaces?

A

pellicle

25
Q

Calculus attachment by means of _____ is hard to remove because it gets locked into the surface

A

minute irregularities in tooth surface

mechanical locking

26
Q

Calculus attachment by means of ____ is when crystals of the tooth and calculus form as one

A

direct contact

27
Q

Calculus is important in the progression of ____

A

gingivitis and periodontal disease

28
Q

Sub-gingival biofilm develops as a result of?

A

down growth of supra-gingival biofilm bacteria

29
Q

Calculus provides a ______ for the collection of ______ due to its rough porous surface

A

haven

bacteria/endotoxins

30
Q

Sub-gingival calculus can be what colors?

A

light to dark brown, dark green, black

31
Q

The coloring of sub-gingival calculus comes from?

A

blood pigments of diseased pocket

32
Q

The shape of the sub-gingival calculus is made by?

A

shape of the gingival tissue

33
Q

Sub-gingival calculus occurs _____ associated supra-gingival depostis

A

with or without

34
Q

Sub-gingival calculus is heaviest ______ and lightest on ______ surfaces

A

proximal

facial

35
Q

Radiographic examination for calculus is ___ useful

A

not

36
Q

The patient needs to understand the ____ of daily biofilm removal and be ___ to spend time each day

A

necessity

motivated

Dental Hygiene 1 (26 decks)

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