Gut Development

Question 1

peritoneal cavity forms from what tissue?

Answer 1

lateral plate mesoderm

Question 2

gut tube associated with what mesodermal tissue?

Answer 2

visceral peritoneum (inner)
parietal peritoneum (outer)

Question 3

aortic vessel path

Answer 3

to gut, also around gut to organs (e.g. liver)

Question 4

double layers of mesoderm serve what purpose?

Answer 4

pathway for nerves/vessels to get to organs

Question 5

ventral mesentery persists when?

Answer 5

if organ present (so will be seen in some sections but not in others)

Question 6

ventral mesentery can be interrupted (2 stems) by which organ e.g.?

Answer 6

liver

Question 7

are kidney’s in the peritoneal space?

Answer 7

no - posterior to parietal peritoneum

RETROPERITONEAL

Question 8

foregut
midgut
hindgut

Answer 8

mouth, stomach thru 1/2 of SI
second 1/2 of SI and LI (thru transverse colon)
descending colon thru anus

Question 9

blood supply of foregut, midgut, hindgut

Answer 9

celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric

3 main branches off of AORTA
collateral circulation to the MAX

Question 10

foregut rotation

Answer 10

90 degrees clockwise when viewed above
L surface faces anterior
relate to a/p vagus nerves

Question 11

lesser/greater omentum becomes?

Answer 11

ventral/dorsal mesogastrium

Question 12

greater omentum does what?

Answer 12

grows extensively and hangs over intestines

Question 13

lesser momentum (CT) composed of?

Answer 13

hepatogastric + hepatoduodenal ligaments

attach stomach/duodenum to liver

Question 14

falciform ligament

Answer 14

contains remnants of umbilical veins

runs anterior to liver and attaches to ventral body wall

Question 15

gastrosplenic ligament

Answer 15

attaches spleen/bottom of stomach (part of greater omentum)

Question 16

space posterior to stomach and lesser omentum

Answer 16

forms lesser sac (space w/in abdomen)
due to stomach flopping on side
bacteria can spread w/in this

Question 17

gastrosplenic ligament

Answer 17

stomach to spleen

Question 18

splenorenal ligament

Answer 18

spleen to kidney

Question 19

lesser omentum contains?

Answer 19

portal triad!

hepatic artery, bile duct, portal vein

Question 20

opening behind the lesser omentum termed?

Answer 20

epiploic foramen

Question 21

pancreas forms from outgrowths of what?

Answer 21

foregut

two buds fuse together via differential growth to form dorsal pancreas

Question 22

pancreas shares a duct with what? drains where?

Answer 22

liver and GB

drains to duodenum

Question 23

midgut rotation

Answer 23

rotates 270 degrees
extensive elongation
protrudes into umbilical cord and later retracts
superior mesenteric artery as AXIS OF ROTATION

Question 24

cranial limb forms?

Answer 24

duodenum thru ileum of SI

this one grows more

Question 25

caudal limb forms?

Answer 25

ascending thru transverse colon

Question 26

duodenum is A/P to transverse colon?

Answer 26

posterior

Question 27

pancreas stuck to what?

Answer 27

posterior body wall

loses its mesentery (degenerates and fuses with posterior body wall tissue)

Question 28

organs that maintain

lose mesenteries are termed?

Answer 28

peritonealized

secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 29

secondarily retroperitoneal organs

Answer 29

duodenum
pancreas
ascending/descending colon
rectum

Question 30

primarily retroperitoneal organs

Answer 30

urogenital organs e.g. kidney

Question 31

does SI (jejunum and ileum) retain its mesentery? what’s its specific name?

Answer 31

yes

mesointestine OR mesentery proper

Question 32

do transverse/sigmoid colons remain peritonealized? what are the names?

Answer 32

yes
transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon