Inguinal Region

Question 1

gubernaculum

Answer 1

“governs” descent of testis/ovary

in female, ovarian ligament attaches ovary to uterus round ligament attaches to skin of labia

Question 2

testis wrapped with what tissue?
processus vaginalis forms?
drags what bundle along with it?

Answer 2

parietal peritoneum
TUNICA VAGINALIS
duct, vessels, and nerves = SPERMATIC CORD

Question 3

tunnel along body wall called?

Answer 3

inguinal canal

Question 4

testicular descent through which body wall/tissue layers? what do these layers become?

Answer 4

parietal peritoneum
trasversalis fascia –> int spermatic fascia
transverses abdominis (gap)
internal oblique –> cremaster
external oblique –> ext spermatic fascia
scarpa’s fascia –> dartos
skin

Question 5

trasversalis fascia binds what two tissues?

Answer 5

parietal peritoneum with transverses abdominis

Question 6

inguinal canal between?

Answer 6

peritoneum and trans fascia

this is where vessels travel (and VD)

Question 7

cremaster muscle is extension of which muscle?

Answer 7

internal oblique

testis passes through inferior edge of internal oblique and brings it along (SKELLETAL muscle)

Question 8

superficial/deep inguinal rings

what emerges from here?

Answer 8

where aponeuroses of ext. obl. separate (sup)

spermatic cord

Question 9

inferior edge of external oblique aponeurosis forms what? attaches where?

Answer 9

inguinal ligament

attaches to ASIS and pubic tubercle

Question 10

which abdominal muscle is not affected by descent?

Answer 10

transversus

inferior edge of muscle is above spermatic cord

Question 11

what muscle surrounds spermatic cord?

Answer 11

external oblique

Question 12

conjoint tendon does what? which two muscles compose it?

Answer 12

reinforces inguinal triangle

combined tendon for transversus and int oblique

Question 13

weak areas?

Answer 13

underneath the conjoint tendon
at the deep inguinal ring
ESPECIALLY with a patent processus vaginalis

Question 14

inguinal triangle boundaries?

Answer 14

rectus abdominis
inferior epigastric
inguinal ligament

Question 15

how to repair an inguinal hernia?

Answer 15

can push back in OR

incise anterior rectus sheath, pull conjoint tendon and suture

Question 16

neuromuscular bundles to thigh pass through what?

Answer 16

gap between bone of pelvis and inguinal ligament

another weak site

Question 17

femoral artery/vein begins where? drags what with it?

Answer 17

begin when pass under inguinal ligament

drags a bit of transversalis fascia

Question 18

femoral vessels from lateral to medial (NAVEL)

Answer 18

nerve (femoral)
artery (ext. illiac --> femoral)
vein (ext. illiac --> femoral)
empty space with
lymphatics

Question 19

femoral sheath

Answer 19

trasversalis fascia that ensheathes structures as they continue into thigh (the one around lymphatics prone to herniation)

Question 20

why are femoral hernias more common in females?

Answer 20

wider hips –> larger gap

Question 21

boundaries that can strangulate a femoral hernia:

Answer 21

inguinal ligament
lacunar ligament
pectineal ligament

Question 22

direct inguinal hernia

Answer 22

commonly w/in the inguinal triangle below conjoint tendon

Question 23

indirect inguinal hernia

Answer 23

passes obliquely through the deep inguinal ring –> inguinal canal –> superficial inguinal ring

Question 24

what two tissues are within the inguinal triangle?

Answer 24

parietal peritoneum + transversalis fascia