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ENT > Oral Facial > Flashcards

Oral Facial Flashcards

1
Q

Medication that increases susceptibility to candida infections

A

dexamethasone

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2
Q

define oral keratosis

A

a proliferation of the skin, heaping of epidermis.

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3
Q

what is Hyperkeratinisation?

A

excessive growth of stubbornly attached keratin

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4
Q

T/F can people have cavities and not know it?

A

true if decay is in enamel

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5
Q

Main bacteria to cause dental caries

A

Streptococcus mutans

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6
Q

Sx of dental caries/acute pulpitis

A

Hot/cold sensitivity. Continuous throbbing pain

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7
Q

tx of acute pulpitis

A

abx, NSAIDs, possibly root canal

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8
Q

Why are DM and chemotherapy patients at high risk for dental caries/acute puplitis?

A

diminished saliva allowing bacteria to proliferate

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9
Q

Sx of gingivitis/periodontitis

A

Usually painless. Increased bleeding with brushing. Soft tissue separation (“pocket” formation)

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10
Q

Sx of periodontal abscess

A

Edema, erythema, pyorrhea, pain

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11
Q

Sx of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis aka Vincent’s angina aka Trench mouth

A

Halitosis. Ulcerations of the interdental papillae

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12
Q

Abx treatment options for acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis aka Vincent’s angina aka Trench mouth

A

Penicillin (PO) + metronidazole or Clindamycin (alone)

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13
Q

What disease is acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis aka Vincent’s angina aka Trench mouth associated with?

A

HIV

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14
Q

What is the name of the oral disease that begins as infected lower molar and is a rapidly spreading cellulitis of sublingual/submandibular spaces?

A

Ludwig’s angina

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15
Q

Sx of Ludwig’s angina

A

FEVER, Drooling/trismus, edema in neck

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16
Q

Abx treatment of Ludwig’s angina

A

IV PCN or ampicillin/sulbactam plus metronidazole (Flagyl)

17
Q

Tx of herpetic lesions caused by HSV-1 or HSV-2

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax) 400mg 5x/d or Valacyclovir (Valtrex) 1000tid

18
Q

VIrus that causes herpangina

A

Picornovirus (not Herpes) called coxsackie virus

19
Q

Sx of herpangina

A

PAINFUL, fever, malaise, sore throat. Vesicles are present on the soft palate

20
Q

Sx of oral candidiasis

A

white plaques on tongue/oral mucosa; “burning” tongue; “raw” throat

21
Q

Tx of oral candidiasis

A

Topical antifungals: clotrimazole (Mycelex) troches or nystatin. Oral fluconazole (Diflucan) ~ used w/ recurrent candidiasis

22
Q

Most common oral ulceration

A

Aphthous stomatitis

23
Q

condition characterized by rapid loss and regrowth of filiform papillae causes denuded red patches to “wander” across the surface of the tongue

A

Geographic tongue

24
Q

Tx of oral leukoplakia

A

high dose acyclovir (Zovirax)

25
Q

When should you biopsy an ulcerative oral lesion?

A

if it fails to heal within 2 weeks

26
Q

Pharmacologic causes of xerostomia (dry mouth)

A

diuretics, anticholinergics (antihistamines, TCAs)

27
Q

Tx of xerostomia

A

Saliva substitutes. Salivary stimulation with sugarless hard candies. Pylocarpine (Sialgen) stimulates saliva production

28
Q

Medications that cause gingival hyperplasia

A

phenytoin, ca channel blockers, cyclosporin

29
Q

Etiology of mucositis

A

chemo and radiation

30
Q

Sx of mucositis

A

Edema and painful chewing/swallowing of food

31
Q

Effect of pernicious anemia (Vitamin B12 deficiency) in mouth

A

Glossitis: Smooth, beefy-red and sore (tender) tongue

32
Q

What is common result of vitamin C deficiencies?

A

Teeth loosening and ulcerations

33
Q

Sign of mononucleosis in mouth

A

Palatal (hard palate) petechiae

34
Q

Pathognomonic of HIV infection in mouth

A

oral Kaposi’s sarcoma

35
Q

Inflammation and/or fissuring of the lips

A

Cheilosis (cheilitis)

36
Q

Disease characterized by unilateral pain (dull, aching, worsening throughout the day) in region of jaw, joint “popping” or crepitus, acute otalgia

A

TMJ dysfunction

ENT (8 decks)

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