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Endo Exam 2 > Male Hormones in Development and Reproduction > Flashcards

Male Hormones in Development and Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

testicular development

A

presence of TDF - from SRY gene
around week 9

further male development - DHT, AMH, testosterone

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2
Q

leydig cells

A

sex steroid production

testosterone

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3
Q

sertoli cells

A

secrete AMH

-support regression of female mullerian structures

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4
Q

male external genitalia

A

DHT

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5
Q

enzyme for testosterone > DHT

A

5 alpha reductase

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6
Q

5 alpha reductase deficiency

A

no DHT

-feminized external genitalia

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7
Q

stimulation of fetal leydig cells?

A

hCG

followed by LH

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8
Q

hCG

A

similar to LH and can be used to stimulate spermatogenesis

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9
Q

androgen insensitivity

A

x-linked recessive

no receptors
cannot respond to DHT or testosterone

will develop female external genitalia
will not develop male internal ducts - no wolffian

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10
Q

wollfian duct structures

A

seminal vesicles
ejaculatory ducts
vas deferens/epididymis

requires testosterone to develop

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11
Q

mullerian duct regression

A

triggered by AMH - from sertoli cells

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12
Q

retention of wolffian ducts

A

testosterone

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13
Q

androgens to estrogens?

A

aromatase

androgen receptor deficiency - even though they have no ovaries - can have peripheral conversion of testosterone to estradiol
-therefore get boobs

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14
Q

initiation of puberty

A

GnRH

-pulsatile**

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15
Q

sperm production

A

DHT

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16
Q

prostate, beard browth, sebum formation

A

DHT

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17
Q

penis, scrotum, urethra, prostate

A

DHT

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18
Q

androgen binding protein

A

from sertoli cells

maintains high concentration of testosterone locally

19
Q

UG sinus, prostate, penile urethra, external genitalia

A

need DHT

20
Q

anabolic actions of androgens

A 
erythropoietin synthesis
sebaceous secretion
protein anabolism - N retention
linear body grwoth
ABP synthesis
sex glands
libido
21
Q

tanner stage 1

A

preadolescent

22
Q

tanner stage 2

A

scrotum and testes enlarge
scrotal skin texture change

sparse, long downy pubes base of penis

23
Q

tanner stage 3

A

penile growth length
growth testes/scrotum

darker coarser pubes

24
Q

tanner stage 4

A

penile growth length/width
darkening of scrotum

adult type pubes, ,less area covered

25
Q

tanner stage 5

A

adult sized genitalia

adult texture and quantitiy pubes

hair diamond up linea alba

26
Q

circulating testosterone

A

SHBG - sex hormone binding globulin 60%

serum albumin bound 30%

free 5%

27
Q

adequate testosterone in testes

A

ABP

to maintain normal spermatogenesis

28
Q

hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

A

low GnRH

plasma LH, TSH, and testosterone low

testes are immature with no sperm

29
Q

LH receptors

A

leydig cells

30
Q

FSH receptors

A

sertoli cells

31
Q

continuous and high dose GnRH

A

suppres gonadotropin release

low LH/FSH, and low testosterone

32
Q

supportive function sertoli cells

A

maintain blood testis barrier
receptor for homrones
nutrients to sperm

33
Q

exocrine function of sertoli cells

A

fluid for sperm movement
produce ABP
spermination - release sperm from seminiferous tubules

34
Q

endocrine function of sertoli cells

A

testosterone, ABP, FSH receptors
produce AMH**
aromatase - testosterone to estradiol 17-beta
produce ihibin B

35
Q

inhibin B

A

from sertoli cells

regulates FSH levels

36
Q

hormone for spermatogenesis

A

testosterone

-need ABP for high concentration

37
Q

FSH and LH

A

necessary for leydig and sertolic function

38
Q

needed for spermatogenesis

A 
LH
testosterone
FSH
estradiol
GH
39
Q

exogenous testosterone for hypogonadotropin hypogonadism

A

virilization of secondary male sex traits

no promotion of fertility - negative feedback on LH secretion

40
Q

spermatogenesis

A

needs high intra-testicular testosterone

exogenous testosterine - results in inhibition of LH and therefore decreased intratesticular testosterone production

41
Q

eunuchoidism

A

gonadal failure before puberty results in absence of secondary sex characteristics

low sperm counts

42
Q

UG sinus

A

give rise to prostate and bulbourethral glands

43
Q

testosterone throughout life

A

increase in utero
spike at birth, then low until puberty

high in adult
high at senescence then drop

Endo Exam 2 (17 decks)

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