1945-2000 GLOBAL REGENTS REVIEW

Question 1

What was the cold war

Answer 1

A 50 year struggle between the US (as a democratic nation) and the Soviet union (as communist) after WW2. It is called a cold war vecause the US and soviets never directly fought eachother.

Question 2

What are communist satelities

Answer 2

Nations domminated by the sovit union, They were small nations f eastern europe that was taken oer and turned communist.

Question 3

What was the iron curtain and who created this term

Answer 3

This was created by winston churchill to decribe the imaginary line diving the democratic countries od western europe and from the communist countries of Eastern europe

Question 4

What was containment

Answer 4

a policy by the USA in which it attempted to stop the spread of communism

Question 5

What was the Truman Doctrine

Answer 5

The US gave 400 million in economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey to help them defeat communist groups within their countries

Question 6

What was the Marshall plan

Answer 6

The united states gave 13 billion to the countries of western Europe to help them rebuild after WW2

Question 7

What happened to germany after WW2

Answer 7

Germany was divided into 2 nations. West germany was democratic and east germany was communist.

Question 8

What was the berlin wall

Answer 8

Concrete wall built by Communists around the city of west berlin to prevent the people of east germany fleeing to west germany

Question 9

What was the berlin airlift

Answer 9

Event in which the US, Britain and France flew supplies to the people of wester berlin after stalin set up a blockade

Question 10

What is NATO

Answer 10

Stands for the North Atlantic treaty organization. This was a alliance built by the US, canada, and the democratic nations of western europe. They agreed that an attack on one nation in the alliance was considered to be an attack on all the nations

Question 11

What was the warsaw pact

Answer 11

Military alliance between the soviet union and other communist nations in eastern europe

Question 12

What was the Hungarian Revolution of 1956

Answer 12

When Hungary (a communist satelite) tried to break away from soviet control. The soviet union sent in an army and ended the rebellion

Question 13

What was the arms race

Answer 13

The US and Soviet union competed to build up the largest supply of nuclear wepons

Question 14

How did the cuban missle crisis begin

Answer 14

When the US found that the soviet union was building missle bases in cuba (a new communist nation) and pointing nuclear missles at the US.

Question 15

How did the cuban missle crisis end

Answer 15

when the Soviet union agreed to remove the missles.
- this is the closest the world had come to a nuclear war between countries

Question 16

What 2 nations in east asia were divided into two seprrate countries

Answer 16

Korea and Vietnam

Question 17

What were the results of the korean and vietnam war

Answer 17

North Korea remained communist, while south is is still democratic. Now all of vietnam is communist

Question 18

What is the European Union (E.U.)

Answer 18

After WW2 various regions of the world started to create organizations that were designed to increase trade and promote economic prosperity (wealth). Two of these organizations include this. This is one of them. This is an organization that includes 27 countries in europe. They have decreases tariffs (taxes) and now use a single form of currency called “The Euro”

Question 19

What is the North American Free Trade Agreement (N.A.F.T.A)

Answer 19

After WW2 various regions of the world started to create organizations that were designed to increase trade and promote economic prosperity (wealth). Two of these organizations include this. This is one of them. This is an organization that includes the US, Canada and Mexico. By decreasing tariffs (taxes), this organization has increased trade between the 3 main countries of North America

Question 20

What 2 organizations are examples of economic cooperation and interdependednce (countries working together and relying on each other)

Answer 20

European Union (E.U.)
North American Free Trade Agreement (N.A.F.T.A)

Question 21

Where is most of the worlds oil located which is the main region this region has alot of wealth and influence.

Answer 21

The middle east

Question 22

What is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (O.P.E.C.)

Answer 22

1) This is an organization that was created by the main oil-producing countries of the world.
2) Together the member of O.P.E.C. determine the price of oil as well as production levels, (the amount avalable to other countries)

Question 23

How did china become communist

Answer 23

After 22 years of civil war (within china) it became the seccond country to adopt communism

Question 24

Who was Mao Zedong

Answer 24

the first communist leader in china

Question 25

How did Mao Zedong get support

Answer 25

He promised them their own land once the communists were brought to power

Question 26

What was the great leap foward and who implemented this.

Answer 26

This was created by Mao Zedong and it was an attempt to modernize the industrial and agrucultural production of China. People in CHina were forced to move into large government farms. Similar to the **five year plan** and **collectivisation** in the soviet union under Joseph Stalin

Question 27

What is a command economy

Answer 27

where the government owned businesses and farms and made all economic decisions Leaders who used this: Mao and Stalin

Question 28

What was the cultural revolution in China

Answer 28

A period in China where Mao used violent young communist soilders (known as **Red Guards**) to eliminate all of the opposition (enemies he had within China)

Question 29

Who was Deng Xiaoping

Answer 29

The ruler in china after Mao Zedong

Question 30

How did Deng Xiaoping change the economy

Answer 30

He changed it from a command/communist economy (government owns bussnesses) to a market/capitalist/free enterprise economy (individuals own bussninesses) This is what is used in China today

Question 31

What was the Tianmen Square Protests/Massacure and under which ruler.

Answer 31

This happened under Deng Xiaoping where a series of protests where the Chinese peacefully demanded democratic reforms (changes) - They wanted more rigjts and a say in government Deng Xiaoping called in the army to repress (end) the protests. Hundreds of CHinese protesters were killed or arrested. This proed that Chinas government was not willing to make democratic changes

Question 32

3 issues in china currently

Answer 32

a) China controlls the buddhist region of Tibet. The people of Tibet want independence (self--government) b) china denys its people human rights (such a freedom of speech and the right to vote) c) In order to prevent overpopulation (China has 1.3 billion people), the government of China only allows each familiy to have one child

Question 33

What is decolonization

Answer 33

The period after WW2 in wwhich the nations of Africa and Asia finaly gained independence (self-government) from the European (Western) nations that controlled them.

Question 34

How did india gain independence

Answer 34

After WW2 india gained independence (self-government) from Great Britian. This was largely due to Mohandas Gandhi

Question 35

How did India resolve conflicts after WW2

Answer 35

It was split up into 2 seprate nations to prevent war between Muslims and Hindus. India - nation created for the Hindus of the region and Pakistan - for the Muslims of the nation. **Kashmir is an area near both Pakistan and India that both nations claim to control - this creates conflict which is dangerous because they both have nuclear wepons**

Question 36

India after indipendence

Answer 36

1) Established a democratic government

Question 37

What side did India choose during the cold war.

Answer 37

2) India followed a policy of nonalignment (or neutrality) during the cold war. It did not take sides

Question 38

Modern Caste system in India

Answer 38

Although Indias consititution prevents discrimination against the lowest social classes (or castes) in India, there continues to be discrimination in rural (farming) areas since tradition remains strong there. Discrimination against untouchables (the lowest class/caste) is expecially servere.

Question 39

Who gained independence for Kenya from Great Britain

Answer 39

Jomo Kenyatta

Question 40

Who gained independence for Ghana from Great Britain

Answer 40

Kwarme Nkrumah

Question 41

What happened to south Africa after independence

Answer 41

Europeans still controlled the government of South Africa. They established the racist system of Apatheid

Question 42

What was Apartheid

Answer 42

The system of racial segregation that was used in South Africa from 1948 untill 1990. Black South Africans were required to use seprate bathrooms, attend seprate schools, carry identification passbooks and even go to seprate beaches

Question 43

Who was Nelson Mandela

Answer 43

blach south African nationalist leader who fought against Apartheid. He was imprisoned for 27 years by the white suth african government. He became the first president of south Africa after Aparthid came to an end in 1990

Question 44

What was the Rawanda genocide

Answer 44

After independencethe Hutus killed 800,000 Tutsis in only a few months.