1F - Intrapartum Fetal Monitoring

Question 1

Intrapartum monitoring occurs during what time in pregnancy?

Answer 1

A patient is already in labor

Question 2

Antepartum monitoring occurs during what time in pregnancy?

Answer 2

During prenatal checkups especially for high risk patients

Question 3

What test assesses the CNS status of the baby?

Answer 3

Biophysical profile

Question 4

What test assesses the cardiovascular status of the baby?

Answer 4

Doppler Velocimetry

Question 5

Who proposed that listening to the heartbeat of the fetus would be clinically useful in differentiating fetal compromise from variations in fetal heart rate?

Answer 5

De Kergeradee

Question 6

How many montevideo units indicates that the mother is already in labor?

Answer 6

200

Question 7

What is the normal uterine activity?

Answer 7

<5 contractions in 10 minutes

Question 8

What is tachysystole?

Answer 8

> 5 contractions in 10 minutes

Question 9

What do we call tachysystole with FHR changes?

Answer 9

Hyperstimulation

Question 10

what do we call tachysystole without FHR changes?

Answer 10

Hypertonus

Question 11

What is the normal fetal heart rate?

Answer 11

110-160 bpm

Question 12

What is a mild contraction based on ctg strip?

Answer 12

A contraction below 40

Question 13

Variability includes accelerations and decelerations? T or F?

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Long term variability is seen as oscillatory changes lasting for how many cycles per minute?

Answer 14

3-5 cycles

Question 15

Good variability indicates compromised fetal heart and CNS functions? T or F?

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is normal variability?

Answer 16

5-25

Question 17

A normal variability is also called as?

Answer 17

Moderate variability

Question 18

Absent variability indicates fetal compromise? T or F?

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What is minimal variability?

Answer 19

Less than 5 bpm

Question 20

If a patient experiences reduced variability with concomitant decelerations, what can be the cause?

Answer 20

Fetal hypoxia

Question 21

What is the single most reliable sign of fetal compromise or hypoxia?

Answer 21

Reduced fetal heart rate variability

Question 22

If the patient has reduced variability without decelerations or rise in FHR, what is the status for hypoxia?

Answer 22

Unlikely

Question 23

What is considered as pathologic variability?

Answer 23

> 25 bpm for 30 mins

Question 24

Fetal accelerations should not last more than how many minutes?

Answer 24

10 mins

Question 25

Define normal fetal accelerations?

Answer 25

15 bpm lasting for more than 15 secs but less than 10 minutes

Question 26

What is the fetal acceleration for preterm babies?

Answer 26

10 bpm lasting for 10 secs

Question 27

Define prolonged acceleration?

Answer 27

Accelerations lasting for more than 2 mins but less than 10 mins

Question 28

What do you call a fetal heart rate change of more than 10 mins?

Answer 28

Baseline change Bradycardia or tachycardia

Question 29

Early deceleration is caused by?

Answer 29

Fetal head compression due to contraction

Question 30

The lowest point of deceleration in early deceleration occurs when?

Answer 30

At the peak of contraction

Question 31

What is the cause of late decelerations?

Answer 31

Uteroplacental insufficiency

Question 32

When does the lowest point of late decelerations occur in the ctg strip?

Answer 32

After the peak of contractions

Question 33

A strong indicator of uteroplacental insufficiency is late decelerations together with? (2)

Answer 33

No accelerations and reduced variability

Question 34

Variable decelerations are secondary to what condition?

Answer 34

Umbilical cord compression

Question 35

Define variable decelerations?

Answer 35

Abrupt onset to the lowest point within <30 secs, more than 15 bpm lasting >15 secs but <2 mins

Question 36

Variable decelerations may be associated with hypoxia when it exhibits with? (3)

Answer 36

U shape component Reduced variability Lasting more than 3 mins

Question 37

Variable decelerations occur as decelerations and accelerations in what order?

Answer 37

acceleration - deceleration - acceleration

Question 38

Prolonged decelerations occur for how many minutes?

Answer 38

More than 2 minutes but less than 10 minutes

Question 39

Prolonged decelerations is associated with?

Answer 39

Acute fetal hypoxia and acidosis

Question 40

When can sinusoidal pattern be observed in CTG? (4)

Answer 40

Fetomaternal hemorrhage Rh isoimmunization Ruptured vasa previa Twin twin transfusion Severe fetal anemia

Question 41

What pattern in CTG reflects complete loss of autonomic nervous system control due to hypoxia which can be seen as loss of beat to beat variability?

Answer 41

sinusoidal pattern