2 Flashcards
(11 cards)
What did Weber argue about Calvinism?
Calvinism led to social change.
What is divine transcendence in Calvinism?
No individual can rival God or predict His wishes; the Bible is the only source of information.
What is the concept of Vocation or Calling in Calvinism?
Believers glorified God by devoting themselves to work, which was seen as a religious duty.
What does predestination cause according to Weber?
It causes salvation panic, as Calvinists are uncertain if they will be chosen for salvation.
What lifestyle did the concept of Vocation or Calling create for Calvinists?
Calvinists led an ascetic lifestyle, shunning luxury, working long hours, and emphasizing self-discipline.
How did Calvinism contribute to capitalism?
Calvinists, anxious about their salvation, devoted themselves to work and viewed wealth as a sign of God’s favor, leading to reinvestment in businesses.
What was Weber’s view on Hinduism and Confucianism in relation to capitalism?
He noted that China and India were economically advanced but lacked a religious belief system that fostered capitalism.
What is Kautsky’s evaluation of Weber’s theory?
Kautsky argues that Weber overestimates the role of ideas and underestimates economic factors; capitalism preceded Calvinism.
What is Tawney’s evaluation of Weber’s theory?
Tawney argues that technological change caused capitalism, and Calvinist beliefs were adopted later by the Bourgeoisie.
What is Marshall’s evaluation of Weber’s theory?
Marshall argues that some countries were slow to develop capitalism due to a lack of investment and skilled labor.
What role did liberation theology play according to Casanova?
Liberation theology was important in resisting state terror and promoting democracy, with human rights achieved through Catholicism in Latin America.
