2) a) proteome

Question 1

define the proteome

Answer 1

The proteome is the entire set of proteins expressed by a genome

Question 2

why is the proteome larger than the number of genes?

Answer 2

The proteome is larger than the number of genes,
particularly in eukaryotes,
because more than one protein can be produced from a single gene as a result of alternative RNA splicing

Question 3

The set of proteins expressed in a given cell type can…

Answer 3

The set of proteins expressed by a given cell type can
- vary over time
and
- under different conditions

Question 4

What are some of the factors affecting the set of proteins expressed by a given cell type?

Answer 4

Some factors affecting the set of proteins expressed by a given cell type are
- metabolic activity of the cell
- cellular stress
- the response to signalling molecules
- diseased versus healthy cells

Question 5

what are the genes that do not code for proteins called?

Answer 5

non-coding RNA Genes
- include those that are transcribed to produce tRNA, rRNA, and RNA molecules that control the expression of other genes.