Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psych 151 > 2 Biological Bases of Behavior > Flashcards

2 Biological Bases of Behavior Flashcards

(104 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The study of biological bases of human behavior

A

Biopsychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

They use drugs for treating those with psychological & physical disorders.

A

Biopsychologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is the system by means of which we perceive, adapt to, & interact with the world around us.

A

Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is made up of brain
& the spinal cord.
- Made up of neurons located in the brain and spinal cord.

A

Central Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Made up of neurons & bundles of axons & dendrites that carry information back & forth between the brain & the body.

A

Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the division of the nervous system?

A
  1. Central Nervous System
  2. Peripheral Nervous System
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Includes all the nerves that extend from the spinal cord & carry messages to various muscles, glands, & sense organs located throughout the body.

A

Peripheral Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Consists of a network of nerves that connect either to sensory receptors or to muscles that you can move voluntarily.

A

Somatic Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Regulates heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, digestion, hormone secretion, & other functions

A

Autonomic Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Subdivisions of the PNS

A
  1. Somatic Nervous system
    autonomic nervous system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Subdivision of ANS

A
  1. Sympathetic Division
  2. Parasympathetic Division
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which is triggered by threatening or challenging physical or psychological stimuli, increasing physiological arousal, & preparing the body for action.

A

Sympathetic division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Returns the body to a calmer, relaxed state & is involved in digestion

A

parasympathetic divison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sympathetic actions

A

fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

parasympathetic action

A

rest and digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Are string like bundles of axons & dendrites that come from the spinal cord & are held together by connective tissue.

A

nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which number about 100 billion, have two specialized extensions: receiving electrical signals; & transmitting electrical signals

A

neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the most numerous brain cells about 900billion

A

glial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

is a relatively large, egg-shaped structure that provides fuel, manufactures chemicals, & maintains the entire neuron in working order

A

cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

are branchlike extensions that arise from the cell body& insulates an axon

A

dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

is a single threadlike structure that extends & carries signals away from the cell body to neighbouring neurons, organs, & muscles.

A

axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

looks like separate tube-like segments composed of fatty material that wraps around

A

Myelin Sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Look likes tiny bubbles, are located at the extreme ends of the axon’s branches.

A

end bulb/ axon terminal buttons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Is an infinitely small space (20-30 billions of a meter) that exists between an end bulb & its adjacent body organ (heart), muscles (head), or cell body.

A

synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
are sensory neurons that carry information from the senses to the brain and spinal cord
Afferent neurons
26
are motor neurons which carry information away from the brain & spinal cord to produce responses in various muscles & organs throughout the body.
efferent neurons
27
is a relatively short neuron whose primary task is to connect neurons together.
interneuron
28
Types of neurons
1. afferent neuron 2. efferent neuron 3. interneuron
29
is the organ in our bodies that most directly controls our thoughts, emotions, & motivations
brain
30
is the largest part of the brain - It uses information from our senses to tell us what is going on around us & tells our body how to respond
forebrain
31
– makes connections with the hindbrain and forebrain and alerts the forebrain to incoming sensation. – It also involved in visual & auditory reflexes such as automatically turning your head towards a noise.
midbrain
32
– functions as a bridge to interconnect messages between the spinal cord & the brain.
pons
33
– It also makes chemicals involved in sleep.
pons
34
is located at the top of the spinal cord.
medulla
35
It includes a group f cell that controls vital reflexes such as respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure
medulla
36
is located at the very back & underneath the brain.
cerebellum
37
It also involved in coordinating movements, but not in initiating voluntary movements.
cerebellum
38
a thin layer of cells that essentially covers the entire surface of the forebrain
cortex
39
the largest area of the brain.
cerebrum
40
Is concerned with all higher mental functions such as learning & memory, speaking & language, emotional responses, experiencing sensations, initiating voluntary movements, planning & decision making.
cerebrum
41
located at the front art o the brain.
frontal lobe
42
major parts of the brain
1. forebrain 2. midbrain 3. hindbrain
43
3 parts of hindbrain
1. pons 2. medulla 3. cerebellum
44
functions of frontal lobe
▪ Performing voluntary motor movements ▪ Interpreting & performing emotional behaviors ▪ Behaving normally in social situations ▪ Maintaining a healthy personality ▪ Paying attention to things in the environment ▪ Making decisions ▪ Executing plans
45
– directly located behind the frontal lobe
parietal lobe
46
– Is involved in processing sensory information from body parts
parietal lobe
47
functions of parietal lobe
▪ Touching ▪ Locating positions of limbs ▪ Feeling temperature & pain ▪ Carrying out several cognitive functions such as attending to & perceiving objects
48
– located at the very back of the brain.
occipital lobe
49
functions of occipital lobe
 Seeing colors  Perceiving & recognizing objects, animals, & people
50
– located directly below the parietal lobe
temporal lobe
51
functions of temporal lobe
▪ Hearing ▪ Speaking coherently ▪ Understanding verbal & written material
52
The control centers: 4 lobes
1. frontal lobe 2. parietal lobe 3. occipital lobe 4. temporal lobe
53
Refers to a group of about half a dozen interconnected structures that make up the core of the forebrain.
limbic system
54
the master control for many emotional responses.
hypothalamus
55
functions of hypothalamus
❖Regulates many motivational behaviors: ▪ Eating ▪ Drinking ▪ Sexual responses ❖Emotional behaviors ▪ arousing the body when fighting or fleeing ▪ Secretion of hormones
56
located at the tip of the temporal lobe
amygdala
57
functions of amygdala
▪ Forming ▪ Recognizing ▪ Remembering emotional experiences ▪ Emotional facial expressions
58
Functions of Thalamus
▪ Receiving sensor information ▪ Doing some initial processing ▪ Relaying the sensory information to areas of the cortex
59
– is a curve structure inside the temporal lobe
Hippocampus
60
Functions of Hippocampus
▪ Saying many kinds of fleeting memories by putting them into permanent storage in various parts of the brain
61
Is made up of numerous glands that are located throughout the body.
The Endocrine System
62
Parts of Limbic System
1. Hypothalamus 2. Amygdala 3. Thalamus 4. Hippocampus
63
is the key component of endocrine system.
Pituitary Gland
64
regulates water & salt balance
Posterior pituitary (back)
65
regulates growth throughout secretion of growth hormone & produces hormones that control the adrenal cortex, pancreas, thyroid, & gonads.
Anterior pituitary (front)
66
regulates the level of sugar in the bloodstream by secreting insulin.
pancreas
67
– located in the neck.
thyroid
68
– Regulates metabolism through secretion of hormones
Thyroid
69
– secretes hormones that regulate sugar & salt balances & help the body resist stress, & is responsible for the growth of pubic hair.
Adrenal cortex (outside part)
70
secretes two hormones that arouse the body to deal with stress & emergencies
adrenal medulla (inside part)
71
what are the adrenal glands
1. adrenal cortex (outside part) 2. adrenal medulla (inside part)
72
which the ovaries produce hormone that regulate sexual development, ovulation, & growth of the sex organs
females
73
the testes produce hormones that regulate sexual development, production of sperm, & growth of sex organs.
males
74
what are the gonads
females and males
75
constricts pupil
parasympathetic
76
stimulates salivation
parasympathetic
77
inhibits heart
parasympathetic
78
constricts bronchi
parasympathetic
79
stimulates digestive activity
parasympathetic
80
stimulates gallbladder
parasympathetic
81
contracts bladder
parasympathetic
82
relaxes rectum
parasympathetic
83
dilates pupil
sympathetic
84
inhibits salivation
sympathetic
85
relaxes bronchi
sympathetic
86
accelerates heart
sympathetic
87
inhibits digestive activity
sympathetic
88
stimulates glucose release by the liver
sympathetic
89
secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine from kidney
sympathetic
90
relaxes bladder
sympathetic
91
contracts rectum
sympathetic
92
what are the two specialized extensions of neurons
1. receiving electrical signals 2. transmitting electrical signals
93
part of the neuron that transmits
axon terminals
94
part of the neuron that insulates fatty layer that speeds transmission
myelin sheath
95
it is the conducting fiber
axon
96
they make the myelin
Schwann's cells
97
part of a neuron that is the receiver
dendrites
98
the forebrain is composed of
1. cerebral cortex 2. limbic system
99
executive functions, thinking, planning, organising and problem solving, emotions and behavioral control, personality
frontal lobe
100
movement
motor cortex
101
sensations
sensory cortex
102
perception, making sense to the world, arithmetic, spelling
parietal lobe
103
vision
occipital lobe
104
memory, understanding, language
temporal lobe

Psych 151 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions