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LC Biology > 2. Ecology > Flashcards

2. Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the organism at the top of the food chain

A

Top consumer

Tertiary consumer

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2
Q

Why are pyramids limited to 3/4 levels

A

Small energy transfer at each level

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3
Q

Name four factors influencing size of human pop.

A

War
Famine
Contraception
Disease

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4
Q

What is the primary source of energy

A

The sun

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5
Q

Effects of ozone depletion

A

Damage to crops

Increase in skin cancers

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6
Q

Control ozone depletion

A

Reduction in CFCs

Proper disposal of fridges

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7
Q

Causes of ozone depletion

A

CFCs from aerosols

Freon has from fridges

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8
Q

Role of microorganisms in waste management

A

Decompose rubbish in landfills

Treat sewage waste

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9
Q

Name a problem with waste disposal in agri

A

Eutrophication in lakes due to slurry leaking from land
Algae blooms
Use up all oxygen
Fish depleted

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10
Q

Solution to agri. waste disposal

A

Store slurry in leak proof pits

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11
Q

How fisheries waste is managed

A

Waste parts of fish neutralised, pulped and dried

Used as fertiliser or pig feed

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12
Q

How forestry waste is managed

A

Waste products converted to sawdust and MDF

Spread along forest floor to rot and give nutrients to soil

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13
Q

Ecology

A

The study of how living things interact with eachother and their environment

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14
Q

Biosphere

A

The part of Earth containing living organisms

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15
Q

Habitat

A

Where an organism lives

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16
Q

Ecosystem

A

A group of clearly distinguished organisms interacting with eachother as a unit

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17
Q

Community

A

All the different populations living in an area

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18
Q

Population

A

All the members of one species living in an area

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19
Q

Abiotic

A

Non living

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20
Q

Biotic

A

Living

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21
Q

Edaphic

A

Relating to soil

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22
Q

Producers

A

Organisms that carry out photosynthesis

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23
Q

Flora

A

All the plants in an ecosystem

24
Q

Consumers

A

Organisms that take in food from another organism

25
Fauna
All the animals in an ecosystem
26
Decomposers
Organisms that feed on dead organic matter
27
Detritus feeders
Organisms that feed on small pieces of dead organic matter
28
Food web
Two or more interlinked food chains
29
Food chain
Sequence of organisms in which each one is eaten by the next one in the chain
30
Trophic level
Feeding stage in a food chain
31
Pyramid of numbers
Represents the no. Of organisms at each level of a food chain
32
Niche
Functional role organisms play in their community
33
Carnivore
Animal that only feeds on animals
34
Climatic factors
Factors relating to long term weather conditions
35
Conservation
Wise management of the environment and maintenance of biodiversity
36
Competition
A struggle between two or more organisms for a scarce resource
37
Intra- specific competition
Between members of the same species
38
Inter-specific competition
Between members of different species
39
Contest competition
Only one wins the resource
40
Scramble competition
All competing individuals get some of the resource
41
Decomposition
Decaying of a dead organism
42
Denitrification
Conversion of nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen
43
Predator
Organism that catches, kills and eats another organism
44
Prey
Organism eaten by predator
45
Parasitism
An organism lives in or on another, feeding on it and causing it harm
46
Symbiosis
Relationship between different species in which at least one benefits
47
Pollution
Any harmful addition to the environment
48
Herbivore
Organ that feeds on plants only
49
Key
Guide to identification of organisms
50
Nitrification
Process of converting ammonia into nitrites and nitrites to nitrates
51
Omnivore
Orga that eats both plants and animals
52
Qualitative survey
Indicates the type of species present or not
53
Quantitive survey
Records or estimates the number of a species in a particular ecosystem
54
Nutrient recycling
The way in which elements are exchanged between living and non living components of an ecosystem
55
Nitrogen fixation
Conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia ammonium or nitrate

LC Biology (32 decks)

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