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3 Reproduction Unit > 2 Female Reproductive Anatomy > Flashcards

2 Female Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the capsule covering the ovary made from?

A

Peritoneum

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2
Q

Why do women sometimes get a sharp pain at ovulation?

A

Egg ruptures peritoneum- disruption of sensory nerves

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3
Q

Why do nuns tend to get ovarian cancer?

A

More ovulations (don’t get pregnant)

More times egg ruptures peritoneum

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4
Q

What symptoms might a patient with an ovarian cyst present?

A
  • Bloating
  • Pain
  • Discomfort during intercoure
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5
Q

Fill in the missing labels:

A
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6
Q

Where does the uterus sit relative to the rectum and the bladder?

A

Behind and above bladder

Anterior to rectum

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7
Q

Fill in the missing labels:

A
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8
Q

What is the name of the hole shown on this image?

A

External os

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9
Q

What are the fornices? (female repro)

A

Space between cervix and vagina

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10
Q

Which one of these women has had a baby and which has not?

A
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11
Q

What is the pathology of this cervix?

A

Cervical cancer

(reason for smear tests)

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12
Q

Fill in the missing labels in the following diagram showing the uterus at term:

A
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13
Q

Where does fertilisation occur in the uterine tubes?

A

Ampulla

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14
Q

Why is an ectopic pregnancy a medical emergency?

A

Can cause catastrophic haemorrhage- acute abdomen

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15
Q

What do the fimbriae do?

A

Pick up the egg from the peritoneal cavity once it has been released from the ovary

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16
Q

Name 2 types of specialised cells which can be found in the ampulla of the fallopian tube.

A
  • Peg (secretory cells)
  • Ciliated cells
17
Q

Fill in the missing labels:

A
18
Q

What is the broad ligament?

A

Peritoneal fold

Attaches uterus to pelvic side wall

19
Q

Which 2 ligaments in the female reproductive system are remnants of the gubernaculum?

A
  1. Round ligament (attached to labia majora)
  2. Ligament of ovary
20
Q

What does the suspensory ligament contain?

A

Neurovascular pathway- bulges into peritoneum

21
Q

What is the ? labelling in the following diagram? Why is it significant?

A

Anastamoses between Uterine and Vaginal artery

Need to be careful when doing histerectomy- risk of bleeding

22
Q

Where on this diagram is the angle of anteflexion?

What is the uterus said to be if the angle of anteflexion if >180 degrees?

A

>180 degrees = retroflexed

23
Q

Where on this diagram is the angle of anteversion?

What is the uterus said to be if the angle of anteversion if >180 degrees?

A

>180 degrees = retroverted

24
Q

What cell types lines the wall of the vagina? What else can be found in the wall?

A

Stratified squamous epithelia

Contains lots of glycogen

glycogen metabolised by bacili- converted to lactic acid

25
Q

Fill in the missing labels:

A
26
Q

Describe the venous and lymphatic drainage of the ovaries.

A

Venous:

  • Right
    • Right ovarian
      • IVC
  • Left
    • Left ovarian
      • Left renal
        • IVC

Lymphatic

  • Para-aortic nodes
27
Q

Describe the venous and lymphatic drainage of the uterus.

A

Venous:

  • Plexus in broad ligament
    • Uterine veins

Lymphatic:

  • Fundus
    • Para-aortic
    • Superficial inguinal
  • Body
    • External iliac
28
Q

Describe the venous and lymphatic drainage of the cervix.

A

Venous:

  • Plexus in broad ligament
    • Uterine veins

Lymphatic:

  • Iliac
  • Sacral aortic
  • Inguinal
29
Q

Describe the venous and lymphatic drainage of the vagina.

A

Venous:

  • Vaginal venous plexus
    • ​Uterine vein
      • ​Internal iliac

Lymphatic:

  • Superior
    • ​External iliac nodes
  • Middle
    • ​Internal iliac nodes
  • Inferior
    • ​Superficial inguinal nodes
30
Q

Label the parts of the fallopian tubes:

A
31
Q

Fill in the missing labels:

A
32
Q

Fill in the missing labels:

A
33
Q

What complications can occur as a result of ovarian cysts?

A
  • Torsion/rupture
  • Polycystic ovaries= more than 10 cysts–> common cause of infertility
34
Q

How can chronic infection in the fallopian tubes lead to infertility?

A

Scarring

Tubes usually lined with cilia- required for transport of ova to uterus

35
Q

Name the divisions of the broad ligament. (divided according to surrounding structures) (3)

A
  1. Mesovarium- around ovary
  2. Mesometrium- between pelvic wall and uterus
  3. Mesosalpinx- surrounding fallopian tubes
36
Q

Where does the uterine artery run in relation to the broad ligament?

A

Runs between layers of broad ligament

37
Q

What is another name for the rectouterine pouch?

A

Pouch of douglas

38
Q

Why are the vesicouterine and rectouterine pouches relevant clinically?

A

Sites of fluid collection

3 Reproduction Unit (21 decks)

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