20 Imaging of the Reproductive Tract Flashcards
What are the imaging techniques of choice for acute investigation of the reproductive tract or staging reproductive malignancies?
- Ultrasound
- MRI
- Fluoroscopy (continuous X-ray image on a monitor, much like an X-ray movie)
Not often CT as testis and ovary are highly radiosensitive
What are the two different types of ultrasound available for women and label the following ultrasound?
- Need full bladder so this is sitting over uterus. Can be seen axial and saggital. Can see ovarian cysts
- Transabdominal
- Transvaginal (better resolution)
What can be seen on this MRI of the female reproductive system?
Ovarian cysts
What is a hysterosalpingogram used for and what is being shown on the following salpingogram?
Used to test the patency of tubes
This shows one tube is not patent as no spillage eg. from adhesions
Label the following male MRI of the urogenital system. (BDE)
B: bladder
D: prostate
E: rectum
How else can we image the prostate apart from MRI?
Ultrasound
(black thing above is the bladder)
What should an ultrasound of a testicle look like?
- Should be pure grey with no lumps and bumps
- Can look for varicocoeles, infections, torsions using doppler
What type of cyst is being shown on this ovary?
- Corpus Luteum cyst due to corpus luteum sealing off and filling with fluid or blood
- Would be able to see ring of fire on doppler
- Won’t be seen if on birth control but seen more often if on fertility drugs
What type of ovarian cysts is being shown here?
- Follicular cyst that can be due to dominant graafian follicle not ovulating and when it becomes larger than 3cm it is a cyst
- Unilocular (single cavity), thin smooth wall with posterior acoustic shadow
- Will resolve spontaneously in a few weeks
- Picture shows normal graafian follicles
What type of ovarian cyst is being shown on this ultrasound?
- Simple on the left but haemorraghic on the right
What is the diagnosis after looking at this ultrasound of the ovary?
- PCOS - more than 12 follicles
- Could also just be ovarian hyperstimulation if bilateral
What is this xray showing?
Mature cystic teratoma
What is being shown on this MRI of the ovary?
How can we use imaging to look for malignant ovarian lesisons?
- US and MRI with CA125 (marker in blood)
- To stage do contrast enhanced CT
When doing an ultrasound or MRI on a woman and she has a mass on her ovary, who would we classfiy as high risk for this being a malignancy?
What is an endometrioma?
Type of cyst formed when endometrial tissue grows in the ovaries
How can we image for endometriosis?
- Laproscopic for superficial
- Ultrasound or MRI for deep infiltrative
What is being shown on this ultrasound of the testicle?
Varicocoele, if doppler you would see there was lots of blue and red and reverse flow
