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Microbiology > 2. General and Internal Bacterial Structure > Flashcards

2. General and Internal Bacterial Structure Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

most bacteria rang in size from _______

A

1 - 5 um

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2
Q

____ and ____ are the smallest bacteria (0.1 - 0.2 um)

A

Chlamydia; Rickettsia

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3
Q

____ and ____ are the largest bacteria (0.66 mm)

A

Epulopiscium fishelsoni; Thiomargarita namibiensis

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4
Q

_____ are spherical shape bacteria

A

coccus

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5
Q

Examples of coccus shape bacteria are _____ and _____

A

Strepococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus

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6
Q

S. pyogenes causes _____ and severe invasive infections commonly referred to as the flesh-eating disease

A

strep throat

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7
Q

S. aureus causes _______ such as boils, pimples, etc. It also causes toxic shock syndrome

A

skin infections

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8
Q

____ forms chains

A

strep

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9
Q

_____ forms grape-like clusters

A

staph

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10
Q

Bacillus are ____ shaped

A

rod

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11
Q

An example of Bacillus or rod-shaped bacteria is ______

A

Bacillus anthracis

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12
Q

Bacillus anthracis causes ______

A

anthrax

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13
Q

The two kinds of spiral-shaped bacteria include ______ and ____

A

spirillum, spirochete

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14
Q

____ spiral shaped bacteria have a rigid body

A

spirillum

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15
Q

____ have a flexible body

A

spirochetes

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16
Q

Helicobter pylori is a ______ shaped bacteria

A

spiral

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17
Q

_____ are curved shape and look like a comma

A

vibrio shaped bacteria

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18
Q

______ is an example of a vibro shaped bacteria

A

Vibrio cholerae

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19
Q

Vibrio cholerae causes _____, a severe diarrheal disease

A

cholera

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20
Q

Rods that are so short they appear to be cocci are ____

A

coccobacillus

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21
Q

Bordetella pertussis is an example of ______ shaped bacteria

A

coccobacillus

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22
Q

Bordetella pertussis causes _____

A

whooping cough

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23
Q

The uncommon bacteria shapes are ____, ____, and _____

A

Star-shaped, rectangular flat, triangular

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24
Q

All bacteria are _____

A

Prokaryotes

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25
Fungi are \_\_\_\_\_
Eukaryotes
26
Protozoa are \_\_\_\_\_
Eukaryotes
27
Animals and plants are \_\_\_\_\_
Eukaryotes
28
The major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the fact that prokaryotes do not have a ______ or \_\_\_\_\_
membrane-bound nucleus, membrane-bound organelles
29
In a bacteria, the area of the cytoplasm where the chromosome is located is the \_\_\_\_
Nucleoid
30
The bacterial chromosome is a _____ circular piece of DNA that carries genetic information.
single
31
Eukaryotes typically have _____ chromosomes
linear
32
\_\_\_\_\_ have many chromosomes instead of one
Eukaryotes
33
The cytoplasm is the same in both ____ and ____ cells
eukaryotic, prokaryotic
34
In bacterial cells, _____ free float in the cytoplasm and are composed of 2 subunits made of rRNA and protein.
Ribosomes
35
Subunits and rRNA pieces are smaller in ____ cells than they are in eukaryotes
bacterial
36
Protein synthesis takes place in the
Ribosome
37
Plasmids are small, circular pieces of ___ floating in cytoplasm. These are much smaller than the chromosome
DNA PLASMIDS ARE PRESENT IN SOME BACTERIA BUT NOT ALL
38
Many ____ carry genes for antibiotic resistance, toxin production, or other functions
Plasmids PLASMIDS ARE PRESENT IN SOME BACTERIA BUT NOT ALL
39
\_\_\_\_ are areas containing high concentrations of certain compounds which the bacteria need to store
Inclusions INCLUSIONS ARE PRESENT IN SOME BACTERIA BUT NOT ALL
40
Inclusions are named based on what they \_\_\_\_
store
41
Thylakoids are a type of inclusion that store \_\_\_\_
chlorophyll
42
\_\_\_\_ are folded-in portions of the cell membrane which form compartments to hold chlorophyll
thylakoids
43
\_\_\_\_ develop inside cells of certain species of bacteria when put in poor growth conditions such as dry environments, reduced nutrients, too low or too high temperature, presence of certain levels of radiation, etc.
endospores
44
\_\_\_\_ can last many years and will germinate and produce vegetative cells when put in a proper environment
spores
45
all species of _____ form spores
Bacillus
46
all species in the genus Clostridium form \_\_\_\_\_
spores
47
Clostridium tetani produce spores and causes \_\_\_\_
tetanus
48
Clostridium botulinum produces spores and causes \_\_\_\_
botulism
49
Clostridium perfringens produces spores and causes \_\_\_\_
gas gangrene
50
A phospholipid bilayer with proteins is a \_\_\_\_\_
cell membrane
51
The ______ contains all the components needed for electron transport since bacteria have no \_\_\_\_
cell membrane, mitochondria
52
Eukaryotic cell membranes are different in that they contain ____ as strengthening agents.
sterols
53
Among bacteria, only ____ have sterols in their cell membrane. All other bacterial cell membranes do not use sterols.
mycoplasmas
54
Some bacteria use _____ as strengthening agents
hopanoids
55
What shape of bacteria is this
Coccus
56
What shape of bacteria is this
Coccus
57
What shape of bacteria is this
Bacillus
58
What shape of bacteria is this
Bacillus
59
What shape of bacteria is this
Vibrio
60
What shape of bacteria is this
Vibrio
61
What shape of bacteria is this
Coccoobacillus
62
What shape of bacteria is this
Coccobacillus

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