2- Geriatrics

Question 1

Define geriatrics

Answer 1

Study, examination, care, and/or treatment of the elderly

Question 2

Age at which considered geriatric
Dogs
Cats

Answer 2

Dogs- age 7 yrs

Cats-age 7-8 yrs

Question 3

Define neoplasia

Answer 3

Term for cancer

Question 4

Define metabolism

Answer 4

Set of chemical reactions that happen in living organisms to maintain life

Question 5

Categories of common geriatric diseases/ disorders

Answer 5

Neoplasia
Loss or function
Metabolic disorders

Question 6

A change in perception, thinking, learning, and or reasoning ability cause by changes in the brain

Answer 6

Cognitive dysfunction

Question 7

Examples of loss of function

Answer 7

Musculoskeletal disorders, cognitive dysfunction, incontinence

Question 8

Cognitive dysfunction: what DISH stands for

Answer 8

D- disorientation
I- Interaction changes
S- Sleep patterns
H- house-soiling

Question 9

Urinary incontinence most common in

Answer 9

Spayed female dogs

Question 10

Causes of urinary incontinence

Answer 10

Spayed dog, decreased urethral sphincter tone, decreased mobility

Question 11

Define incontinence

Answer 11

Loss of ability to hold urine or feces

Question 12

Types of metabolic disorders

Answer 12

Hormonal imbalances
Electrolyte imbalances
Enzymatic deficiencies or imbalances

Question 13

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a form of what disorder

Answer 13

Metabolic

Question 14

Define diabetes mellitus

Answer 14

Insufficient insulin production by the pancreas, or the body’s cells become resistant to its effects

Question 15

Hyperthyroidism is seen in (cats or dogs)

Hypothyroidism is seen in

Answer 15

Hyper - cats

Hypo - dogs

Question 16

Cushings disease is what kind of disease

It’s also known as

Answer 16

Adrenal disease

Hyperadenocorticism

Question 17

Cushings disease causes

Answer 17

Excessive production of glucocorticoid hormones by the adrenal glands

Question 18

Liver disease may cause

Answer 18

Excessive production of liver enzymes

Question 19

Signs of metabolic disorders

Answer 19

Polyuria/ polydipsia (frequently w dilute urine) , anorexia, weight loss or gain, alopecia, vomiting, diarrhea, behavioral changes

Question 20

Polydipsia

Answer 20

Excessive thirst

Question 21

Alopecia refers to hair loss particularly

Answer 21

Bilaterally symmetrical hair loss

Question 22

What part of treatment Theodore considers most important

Answer 22

History and PE

Question 23

Age related changes in lens of eye

Answer 23

Nuclear sclerosis (haziness), doesn’t significantly impair vision.
Increased opacity (cataract), May seriously impair vision.

Question 24

Geriatric animals more susceptible to what other eyes issues

Answer 24

Glaucoma, eye infection (also lens problems)

Question 25

Test glaucoma with a

Answer 25

Tonometer or tonopen

Question 26

If hearing loss, caution owners not to

Answer 26

Startle, let animal loose

Question 27

Common ear problems w geriatric patients

Answer 27

Susceptibility to rumors or infections.

Question 28

Chronic ear infections of geriatric patients may suggest what

Answer 28

Hypothyroidism

Question 29

Oral problems common in geriatric patients.

Answer 29

Periodontal disease very common (esp in small breed dogs) | Look for neoplasia of the mouth (black or red lesions)

Question 30

Abnormal heart sounds may indicate

Answer 30

Rhythm disturbances, valvular problems, cardiomyopathy

Question 31

When auscultating heart check for

Answer 31

Murmurs and irregular rhythms

Question 32

Cardiomyopathy

Answer 32

Cardiac muscle disorders

Question 33

Geriatric skin becomes a less effective barrier against _______, increasing susceptibility to ______

Answer 33

Pathogens/ infection

Question 34

Muscle atrophy

Answer 34

Muscles waste away

Question 35

Seborrhea or pyoderma May indicate

Answer 35

Hypothyroidism (over production of sebum and pus filled skin elevation)

Question 36

Alopecia May be a sign of

Answer 36

Metabolic disorders

Question 37

Skin nodules may be _____ or _____

Answer 37

Neoplastic or benign (lipoma)

Question 38

Cysts of oil producing sebaceous glands cause | Common in

Answer 38

Sebaceous cysts | Common in small breed dogs

Question 39

Why nails need to be trimmed often in older animals

Answer 39

Less activity therefore less wear | Assist walking

Question 40

German shepherds prone to what skeletal problem

Answer 40

Hip dysplasia

Question 41

Musculoskeletal PE, observe

Answer 41

Gait for lameness, range of motion (ROM) of joints, palpate for muscle atrophy, palate for symmetry, listen for crepitus

Question 42

Spaying is for | Neutering is for

Answer 42

Spay, female | Neutered, male