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🦠MICROBIOLOGY🦠 > 2- Respiratory Viruses: (paramyxoviridae family) + rubella > Flashcards

2- Respiratory Viruses: (paramyxoviridae family) + rubella Flashcards

1
Q

TAXONOMY OF PARAINFLUENZA

A

Paramyxoviridae paramyxovirus

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2
Q

TAXONOMY OF RUBELLA

A

Paramyxoviridae
Rubivirus

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3
Q

TAXONOMY OF MUMPS / Parotitis

A

Paramyxoviridae
Rubilivirus

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4
Q

morphology of parainfluenza

A
  • Large spherical shape
    -complex virus (enveloped/supra-capsid)
  • helical single stranded RNA (-ve); (unsegmented)
    3 surface glycoproteins.
    -hemagglutinin (H)
    -neuraminidase (N)
    -fusion (F) = for cell fusion
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5
Q

cultivation of parainfluenza

A

cell line cultures (human epithelial cells)

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6
Q

antigenic properties (+ virulence factors) of parainfluenza

A

*(factors of virulence)
- H (for adhesion)
- N (for binding)
- F (for penetration & fusion with CM - to form giant multi-nucleated cells)

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7
Q

pathogenicity of parainfluenza

A
  • source =sick person
    ​
  • trans. method =
    1)air drop
    2)contact mechanism​
    ​
  • gate = epithelia of mucosa of upper resp. tract

pathogenesis:
(cytopathogenic)
- H, N antigens attach to and bind host cell CM.
- virus penetrates cell by fusion using F antigen - forming giant multinucleated cells.
-(cytopathic) so virus exits cell by budding from CM
- virus affects upper resp tract causing croup and narrowing of trachea, which results in barking cough.
- infection can spread deeper to lower resp tract leading to pneumonia and bronchitis

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8
Q

clinical manifestations of parainfluenza

A

-CROUP (=barking cough + tracheal narrowing)
-bronchitis
-pneumonia

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9
Q

lab diagnosis of parainfluenza

A
  • ELISA
  • PCR
  • immunofluorescence test (IFT).
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10
Q

treatment of parainfluenza

A

antiviral drugs

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11
Q

prophylaxis of parainfluenza

A

no vaccine (only treatment post exposure with antiviral drugs)

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12
Q

TAXONOMY of Measles

A

paramyxoviridae morbillivirus

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13
Q

morphology of measles

A
  • large pleomorphic shape
    -complex virus (enveloped/supra-capsid)
  • single stranded RNA (-ve); (unsegmented)
    2 surface glycoproteins.
    -Hemagglutinin (H)
    -Fusion (F)
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14
Q

antigenic properties (+ virulence factors) of measles

A

-H = adhesion
-F = penetration by fusion
-M (matric) = virus assembly and budding
-N (Nucleoprotein) = encapsulating the mature virus

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15
Q

morphology of mumps / Parotitis

A
  • spherical shape
    -complex virus (enveloped/supra-capsid)
  • single stranded RNA (-ve); (unsegmented)
    2 surface glycoproteins.
    -Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase (HN)
    -Fusion (F)
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16
Q

antigenic properties (+ virulence factors) of mumps

A

-HN = adhesion &binding
-F = penetration by fusion
-N (nucleocapsid) protein = encapsulating/forming nucelocapsid of the mature virus

17
Q

morphology of rubella

A
  • spherical shape
    -complex virus (enveloped/supra-capsid)
  • single stranded RNA (+ve); (unsegmented)
    2 surface glycoproteins.
    -E1 (hemagglutinin - fusion / RBC-clumping)
    -E2 (adhesion)
18
Q

antigenic properties (+ virulence factors) of rubella

A

-E1 & E2 (=adhesion & penetration)
-C (Capsid Protein) =forms nucelocapsids for mature viruses
-NS (non-structural) Protein = have a role in viral replication and transcription.

19
Q

cultivation of measles /MUMPS

A
  • vero cells (monkey kidney cells)
  • human embryonic cells
20
Q

cultivation of rubella

A
  • vero cells
  • RK-13 (Rabbit kidney cells)
21
Q

pathogenicity of measles

A
  • source =sick person
    ​
  • trans. method =
    1)airborne (airdrop)
    ​
  • gate =mucous membranes of upper resp. tract

pathogenesis:
(cytopathogenic)
-H (attachment), F, capsid protein
- virus initiates lytic infection in cells of upper resp.tract
- they enter the blood, causing viremia and spread throughout the body reaching from mouth to skin, conjunctiva, GI tract, CNS

22
Q

clinical manifestations of measles

A
  • fever (high temp:39 40C)
  • Maculopopular Rash; Koplik spots(starts on FACE and travels down to Torso then Limbs)
    -conjunctivitis
23
Q

pathogenicity of rubella

A
  • source =sick person + congenitally
    ​
  • trans. method =
    1)airborne (airdrop)
    2)vertical/transplacental
    ​
  • gate =mucous membranes of upper resp. tract

pathogenesis:
(cytopathogenic)
- E1 &E2 Attach, penetrate
- virus replicates and starts spreading from resp tract to lymphnodes. then to skin causing a rash
- pregnant women can pass it to fetus causing CRS and future complications like cataracts and deafness

24
Q

clinical manifestations of rubella

A
  • mild fever + Mild catarrhal
    symptoms
  • NON ITCHY Maculopopular Rash; Forcchheimer spots (starts on FACE and travels down
  • enlarged posterior cervical & occipital lymph nodes
  • Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS)
25
Q

pathogenicity of mumps

A
  • source =sick person
    ​
  • trans. method =
    1)airborne (airdrop)
    2)direct contact (with contaminated saliva)
    ​
  • gate =mucous membranes of upper resp. tract
    ​
    pathogenesis:
    (cytopathogenic)
  • HN (attachment), F, Nucleoprotein
  • virus initiates lytic infection in cells of upper resp.tract
    then spreads from mouth to parotoid glands, Causing Parotitis
  • they enter the blood, causing viremia and spread throughout the body reaching testes, ovaries, brain
    -swelling from mumps can cause infertility in men
26
Q

clinical manifestations of mumps

A
  • fever + headache
  • enlarged parotoid glands and salivary glands
    • so Difficulty chewing
  • complications of infertility
27
Q

treatment of measles

A

only symptomatic treatment

28
Q

treatment of rubella

A

only symptomatic treatment

29
Q

treatment of mumps

A

Anti-mumps (donor)
immunoglobulins
+
symptomatic treatment

30
Q

prophylaxis of Measles / MUMPS / RUBELLA

A

(live) measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine

31
Q

lab diagnosis of rubella

A

-virus isolation
-ELISA
-PCR

32
Q

lab diagnosis of measles

A

-RIF (Radio-Immunoflorescence)
-ELISA
-PCR

33
Q

lab diagnosis of mumps

A

-virus isolation
-ELISA
-PCR

34
Q

enzymes for (any of the above)

A

just the usual RNA polymerase for replication (like other RNA viruses, but no extra specifics)

🦠MICROBIOLOGY🦠 (8 decks)

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