6 - enteroviruses ( Coxsackie, ECHO, Poliomyelitis)

Question 1

taxonomy of poliomyelitis + disease

Answer 1

picornaviridae enterovirus poliovirus

disease caused: poliomyelitis

Question 2

morphology poliovirus / echovirus / coxsackievirus

Answer 2

• small spherical
• naked (only nucleocapsid)
• Single stranded RNA (+ve)
• Surface antigens:
  VP1,VP2, VP3, VP4 Proteins

Question 3

taxonomy of Coxsackie virus + disease

Answer 3

picornaviridae enterovirus

disease causes:
- Hand, foot and mouth disease
- herpangina (sores in the throat)

Question 4

taxonomy of ECHO virus + disease

Answer 4

picornaviridae enterovirus

disease causes:
-aseptic meningitis,
-encephalitis,
-paralysis,

Question 5

cultivation of poliomyelitis

Answer 5

monkey kidney cells

Question 6

cultivation of coxsackievirus

Answer 6

suckling mice

Question 7

cultivation of echovirus

Answer 7

not pathogenic to lab animals

Question 8

antigenic properties + virulence of
poliomyelitis

Answer 8

only VP1,VP2, VP3, are antigens

Question 9

antigens of coxsackievirus

Answer 9

• type A has 24 types
• type B has 6 types

Question 10

pathogenesis of poliomyelitis

Answer 10

• source = sick person
• trans. method=
  1)faecal-oral (food, water, contact)
  2) air drop
• gate = mouth and tonsils

-pathogenesis = (cytopathogenic)
-The virus enters the body through the mouth and multiplies in the tonsil -> then lymph nodes -> then intestine.
- >virus circulates in blood = viremia
- >moves along motor neurons, spinal cord and CNS
- it destroys them and causes flaccid paralysis (=muscles floppy / cant contract)
*cytopathic effect is by destruction & formation of granules in the infected cells

Question 11

CLINICAL MANIFESTATION of poliomyelitis

Answer 11

• fever and general malaise
• stiffness & pain in back and neck
• flaccid paralysis due to lower-motor-neuron damage

Question 12

pathogenesis of coxsackievirus / echovirus

+ CLINICAL MANIFESTATION

Answer 12

• source = sick person
• trans. method=
  1)faecal-oral (food, water, contact)
• gate = mouth and tonsils

-pathogenesis = (cytopathogenic)
-The virus enters the body through respiratory tract and multiplies in the tonsils, pharynx -> then lymph nodes -> then intestine.
- >virus circulates in blood = viremia

*cytopathic effect is by replicating rapidly and causing direct damage to target cells (in CNS, heart, lung)

CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
- coxsackievirus :
causes hand-foot-mouth disease = painful red blisters in throat, on tongue, inside of cheeks, & palms of hands & soles of feet.
and herpangina (sore throat)

• echovirus
  Skin rashes. Sore throat.
  personality /mental status changes.
  -encephalitis, meningitis

Question 13

diagnosis of poliomyelitis

Answer 13

• PCR
• ELISA

Question 14

diagnosis of echovirus / coxsackievirus

Answer 14

ELISA

Question 15

treatment of poliomyelitis

Answer 15

-no treatment
-only symptomatic relief for muscle pain and spasms

Question 16

treatment of echovirus / coxsackievirus

Answer 16

-no treatment
-only symptomatic relief and to prevent complications

Question 17

prophylaxis of polymyelitis

Answer 17

oral polio vaccine

Question 18

prophylaxis of echovirus / coxsackievirus

Answer 18

no vaccine