2. The League of Nations Mandate

Question 1

Impact of Treaty of Versailles (1919) on German colonies

Answer 1

Stripped Germany of its colonies and they became mandates

Question 2

Mandate

Answer 2

Territory allocated by League of Nations to a particular country to be governed

Question 3

Other then German colonies, which colonies became mandates?

Answer 3

Colonies of the Ottoman Empire

Question 4

Growth of British control as a result of WW1

Answer 4

Britain gained control of a number of territories

Question 5

What was a guiding principle of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 5

Self-determination

Question 6

Self-determination

Answer 6

The right of a country to determine their own nation-state and form of government (who governs them)

Question 7

Advocate

Answer 7

Show public support for something

Question 8

Who advocated principle of self-determinism?

Answer 8

US President Wilson

Question 9

Did Britain and France support principle of self-determination? Why?

Answer 9

No because they warned to control the mandates themselves in their global Empires

Question 10

What request of the Japanese did USA, France and Britain refuse at the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 10

Request for racial equality in the League of Nations

Question 11

Why did Britain and France refuse Japanese request of racial equality?

Answer 11

Because they didn’t want to undermine racial hierarchy of their Empires

Question 12

Why did the US refuse the Japanese request for racial equality in the League of Nations?

Answer 12

Because racial segregation still featured in many southern states

Question 13

What did the British and French argue about German and Turkish colonies in Africa, Middle East and Pacific?

Answer 13

They argued they were politically and economically undeveloped so should be under their control

Question 14

What were mandate arrangements of the League of Nations supposed to be about?

Answer 14

They were supposed to be about helping former German and Ottoman Empire colonies in becoming independent

Question 15

Categories of mandates

Answer 15

A - territories seen as quite developed and close to independence
B - territories seen as requiring longer period of guidance before independence
C - territories where independence wasn’t seen as achievable

Question 16

How were mandates beneficial for the territories themselves?

Answer 16

Mandated stabilised the territories after difficulties faced by war

Question 17

In theory what would mandates lead to?

Answer 17

Self-determination

Question 18

Disadvantages of mandates: economic

Answer 18

High expenses

Question 19

Disadvantages of mandates: British focus

Answer 19

Mandates made it harder for Britain to focus on current post-war Empire

Question 20

Disadvantages of mandates: unrest

Answer 20

Potential unrest in colonies as they were forced under control

Question 21

What particular mandate became a problem for Britain and France?

Answer 21

Palestinian mandate

Question 22

What treaty came about due to the Palestinian mandate?

Answer 22

The Sykes-Picot Treaty

Question 23

How would the position of the Middle East improve according to the Sykes-Picot Treaty?

Answer 23

It would improve if it was under European control

Question 24

Who was a significant figure in the Sykes-Picot Treaty?

Answer 24

T.E. Lawrence

Question 25

Reason for the Sykes-Picot Treaty

Answer 25

To establish two “spheres of influence” in the Middle East, controlled by Franca and Britain

Question 26

How were the two “spheres of influence” established?

Answer 26

By arbitrary borders being drawn up

Question 27

Why was the Middle East crucial to Britain?

Answer 27

It had overland routes to India and was also in proximity to Suez Canal

Question 28

When did Britain and France plot to divide the Middle East between them?

Answer 28

1915

Question 29

Who sent a letter to the leader of the British Jewish Community in 1917?

Answer 29

Foreign Secretary Balfour

Question 30

What was included in Balfour’s letter to the leader of the British Jewish Community in 1917?

Answer 30

Expressions of sympathy for the Jewish Zionist aspirations

Question 31

Zionism

Answer 31

A political movement supporting the creation of a Jewish national home in the Middle East

Question 32

What did Balfour’s letter to the leader of the British Jewish Community in 1917 promise the Jews?

Answer 32

It promised British support for a “national homeland” for Jews in Palestine

Question 33

What did Balfour’s letter become known as?

Answer 33

The Balfour Declaration

Question 34

Why did the Palestine mandate and the Balfour Declaration prove problematic?

Answer 34

Because they brought about violent clashes between Jews and Arabs

Question 35

Possible reason for the Balfour Declaration

Answer 35

Support for Zionism
To help secure post-war control in Palestine (strategic)
Gain Jewish support