2 Year Plantations

Question 1

Why’d British decide to plant Ireland with people from Britain

Answer 1

To spread Protestant religion
Civilise wild Irish
To keep Britain safe from attack as rival countries may use Ireland as base

Question 2

What rulers planted Ireland

Answer 2

Queen Mary - Laois
Queen Elizabeth - Munster
King James - Munster

Question 3

Plantation of ulster

Answer 3

Planted by king James
Before plantations was under control of O’Neills and O’Donnells.
Started 9 years war with Britain
Fled Ireland “flight of earls”
Land then planted

Question 4

Land of plantation of ulster given to who

Answer 4

British settlers
1. Undertakers - 2000 acres
2. Servitors - 1500 acres for nine yr war
3. Loyal Irish - had to pay highest rent

Question 5

Outline the results of the plantation
Religion

Answer 5

By 1640 40,000 British settlers moved to Ireland and introduced many changes

Everyone had to pay 10prct of their earnings to Protestant

15 prxnt became Protestant

Question 6

Outline the results of the plantation
Political

Answer 6

Only Protestants allowed to become mps
All important jobs given to Protestants
Protestants replaced catholics on town councils
Catholics not allowed to cote

Question 7

Language and Customs

Answer 7

Brehon law replaced with common law
•English built towns and with diamond shaped markets like Omagh where as •the Irish lived in ringforts in the countryside
•introduced new methods of farming, like tillage whereas Ireland farmed cattle
• language

Question 8

Conflict based on identity

Answer 8

Divisions between Catholic Irish and British and Scottish settlers led to conflicts
•12,000 settlers dead by natives 1641 three Oliver cromwell avenged by conquer and giving to Protestants
•1688 king James overthrown form English thrown and replaced by Protestant son in law William of orange, James fled to Ireland for support tried to conquer Derry city but 13 young locked him (the siege of Derry) win for Protestants
• Now conflicts common since Northern Ireland created in 1920 and when civil rights movement 1960 still tension

Question 9

Growth of Irish towns

Answer 9

•pre plantation Irish lived in ring forts and crannogs isolated
• Later ppl moved near monasteries for healthcare and education, due to Viking attacks monasteries became walled e.g Cork
• Vikings set up towns near coasts or rivers . They began as winter encampments then became like towns in Dublin - trading towns
•Normans developed Viking towns and created new towns and cities e.g Kilkenny . They were centres of trade and big populations
• 18t Century towns - some landlords developed estate towns , town was centred the big house of the landlord and the Protestant church e.g kenmare