2.0. Clinical Laboratory Part 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
Clinical Laboratory
- Collected, processed, examined or analyzed
- Prevention, diagnosis (end-point) & treatment
- Laboratory facility, consisting of medical technologists, medical technicians and pathologists
- Where specimens can be found (whole blood, serum, plasma, urine, stool, and other bodily fluids) from the human body
Characteristics of Hospital
Hospital Department / Departmentalized District hospital Specialized Hospital Teaching Hospitals Clinic
Hospital
Health facility for diagnosis, treatment and care of individuals from illness, disease, injury of deformity or in need of obstetrical or other medical and nursing care
Department / Departmentalized
- Administrative units in hospital with clearly articulated mission that include education, research and clinical service in the field of medicine
- Each clinical department shall meet the membership requirements concerned specialty/subspecialty society recognized by the PMA
District Hospital
- Major health care facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care, and specialized facilities for surgery, plastic surgery, childbirth, bioassay, laboratory and so forth
- Novaliches District Hospital (Quezon City, Metro Manila)
Specialized Hospital
- Include trauma center, rehabilitation, childrens’ hospitals, seniors’ hospitals, etc.
- Philippine Heart Center (Quezon City, Metro Manila)
Teaching Hospitals
- Combines assistance to patients with teaching to medical students and nurses and often is linked to a medical school, nursing school or university
- Philippine General Hospital (Taft Avenue, Metro Manila)
Clinic
- Medical facility smaller than a hospital
- Manila Genitourinary Clinic (Silang, Cavite)
Hospital Organogram
Hierarchical hospital organizational chart is used to map and track those departments
Classification of Hospitals According to Ownership
GOVERNMENT
- Operated and maintained by national government or local government unit or any other political unit
- Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center, Manila, Metro Manila
PRIVATE
- Owned and operated by a private individual, corporation ,association or organization
- Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa, Metro Manila)
Classification of Hospitals According to the Scope of Services
GENERAL
- Provide medical and surgical care to the sick and injured and maternity care
- Equipped with medical specialists and licensed physicians such as:
(1) Clinical services
(2) Family Medicine
(3) Pediatrics
(4) Internal Medicine
(5) Obstetrics and Gynecology
(6) Surgery - Emergency services
- OPD (Out-patient Department)
- Ancillary and support services such as clinical lab, imaging facility and pharmacy
SPECIALTY
Classification of Hospitals According to Functional Capacity (General Hospital)
LEVEL 1
- OR Post Operating Procedure, Maternity facility, Isolation facilities, dental unit, blood station, radiology facilities, Pharmacy
LEVEL 2
- Family Medicine, OB-GYN, Surgery, Ancillary Services, ICU, NICU, HRPU, Respiratory therapy, Licensed tertiary laboratory, Imaging facility
LEVEL 3
- Training hospital, specialized in Medicine, pedia OB-GYN, Surgery, Departmentalized and clinical services with ER, Physical Rehab, Ambulatory Surgical Clinic, Dialysis, Blood Bank
Classification of Hospitals According to Specialty Hospital
SPECIALTY
- May be devoted to treatment of any of the following:
(1) Treatment of Particular type of illness
(2) Treatment of Particular Organ
(3) Treatment of Patients belonging to a particular group such as children, women, elderly and others
Classification of Hospitals According to Trauma Capability of Hospitals
TRAUMA-CAPABLE FACILITY
- All level 3 General Hospital shall be trauma capable
TRAUMA-RECEIVING FACILITY
- Receives trauma patients for transport to the care of a trauma center
Classification of Other Health Facilities According to Category A: Primary Care Facility
- First contact healthcare facility that offers basic service and provision for normal deliveries
Subdivided into:
IN-PATIENT
- 3 days stay
- Infirmary, Home Birthing
WIHTOUT BEDS
- Where medicine, medical, or dental treatment dispersed
- Medical Out- Patient clinic, Medical Facility overseas workers and seafarers
Classification of Other Health Facilities According to Category B: Custodial Care Facility
- Provides long term care, including basic human services like food, shelter to patients with chronic or mental illness, rehabilitation owing substance, and reduces degree of independence in daily activities
- Custodial psychiatric care facility, Drug abuse treatment & rehab Sanitarium and Leporasium, Nursing Home
Classification of Other Health Facilities According to Category C: Diagnostic Facility
- Examines the human body or specimen for diagnosis and treatment of disease
- Covers the pre-analytical and post-analytical phases
LABORATORY FACILITY
- Clinical Laboratory
- HIV testing lab
- Blood Service Facility
- Drug testLab
- Newborn Screening lab
- Laboratory for drinking water analysis
RADIOLOGIC FACILITY
NUCLEAR MEDICINE
Classification of Other Health Facilities According to Category D: Specialized Out-Patient Facility
- With highly competent and trained staff that performs highly specialized procedures on an out-patient basis
- Dialysis Clinic, Ambulatory Surgical Clinic, In-vitro fertilization, Oncology chemotherapy, center/clinic, Stem cell Facility
Classification of Clinical Laboratory Based on Ownership
GOVERNMENT
- Army General Hospital Molecular Laboratory, Taguig City, Metro Manila
PRIVATE
- LCM Diagnostics
Classification of Clinical Laboratory Based on Function
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
- Clinical chemistry
- Hematology
- Microbiology
- Clinical microscopy
- Immunology
- Molecular biology
- Immunohematology
- Cytogenetics
- Endocrinology
- Toxicology
- Therapeutic drug monitoring
ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY
- Surgical pathology
- Immunohistopathology
- Cytology
- Autopsy
- Forensic pathology
- Molecular pathology
Classification of Clinical Laboratory Based on Institutional Character
INSTITUTION BASED
- Laboratory that operates with the premises and as part of an institution
- Medical clinic, choool, medical facility
FREE STANDING
- Laboratory that does not form part of any institution
Classification of Clinical Laboratory Based by Service Capability: General Clinic Lab
PRIMARY CATEGORY
- Provides the following minimum service capabilities
(1) Routine hematology
(2) Qualitative platelet
(3) Routine urinalysis
(4) Routine fecalysis
(5) Blood typing (for hospital based) - Minimum of 10 sqm in floor are
SECONDARY CATEOGRY
- Provides service capabilities of a secondary lab plus the ff:
(1) Routine clinical chem
(2) Quantitative platelet determination
(3) Cross matching (hosp based)
(4) Gram Staining (hosp based)
(5) KOH (hosp base) - Minimum of 20 sqm in floor area
TERTIARY CATEGORY
- Provides minimum service capabilities of a secondary lab plus the ff:
(1) Special chemistry
(2) Special hematology, Coagulation
(3) Immunology
(4) Microbiology – Culture and Sensitivity - Minimum of 60 sqm in floor area
LIMITED SERVICE CAPABILITY
- Provides the lab tests required for a particular service in institution such as but not limited to dialysis centers and social hygiene clinics
(1) Dialysis Centers
(2) Social Hygiene Clinics
Classification of Clinical Laboratory Based by Service Capability: Special Clinical Laboratory
- Laboratory that offers highly specialized lab services that are usually not provided by a general clinical laboratory
(1) Assisted Reproduction Technology Laboratory
(2) Molecular and Cellular Technology
(3) Molecular Pathology, Forensic Pathology, and (4) Anatomic Laboratory
National Reference Library
- Confirmatory Testing
- Surveillance
- Resolution of Conflicting Results
- Training and Research
- Evaluation of Diagnostic Kits and Reagents
