2021-02-08 Class Meeting Flashcards Preview

UH CIS 2332 > 2021-02-08 Class Meeting > Flashcards

Flashcards in 2021-02-08 Class Meeting Deck (77)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Northbridge AKA

A

MCH

2
Q

MCH AKA

A

memory control hub

3
Q

Northbridge is responsible for what?

A

managing the high-speed communications within computers

4
Q

FSB AKA

A

front-side bus

5
Q

what is FSB?

A

FSB determines the overall clock speed of the computer and connects the Northbridge and CPU.

6
Q

Memory Controller is connected to…

A

FSB

7
Q

Memory Controller is responsible for…

A

the very fast things

8
Q

FSB vs ___

A

backside bus

9
Q

what is the backside bus?

A

sometimes connects the cache memory

10
Q

cache is faster than…

A

regular RAM, but glacial compared to CPU

11
Q

What adapters are connected to Northbridge?

A

Graphic adapters like PCIe Controller or AGP Controller

12
Q

Southbridge is responsible for…

A

…management of slower onboard peripherals

13
Q

Southbridge AKA

A

I/O Control Hub (ICH)

14
Q

What onboard peripherals is/might connected to the Southbridge?

A

USB, Serial & Parallel, ATA, PS/2, parallel ports, serial ports etc.(taken over by USB)

15
Q

PCI Expansion Bus is responsible for…

A

slower items for the graphics

16
Q

What goes through onboard LAN/Southbridge?

A

Wireless and Wired connections

17
Q

Succinctly, what’s connected to Southbridge?

A

ATA interfaces, Serial ATA, Onboard Audio, PCI Expansion Bus, Onboard USB, Onboard LAN

18
Q

Volatile Data:

A

Once power is removed the data is gone.

19
Q

Non-Volatile Data:

A

Stored on system drives and is not impacted by power.

20
Q

RAM:

A

temporary holding area for both data and instructions.

21
Q

RAM AKA

A

Random Access Memory OR Main Memory

22
Q

ROM AKA

A

Read-Only Memory

23
Q

ROM:

A

type of non-volatile memory that cannot be modified

24
Q

EEPROM AKA

A

Electrically Erasble PROM

25
Q

EEPROM:

A

can be erased electrically and reprogrammed

26
Q

Latency:

A

Specifically, delay between when memory receives request for data and retrieves the data

27
Q

Latency AKA

A

Access time

28
Q

Latency measured in…

A

nanoseconds, billionths of a second

29
Q

Expansion Card:

A

EC go in Expansion slots. EC is a circuit board installs in a computer to increase capabilities.

30
Q

Types fo Expansion cards:

A

video, multimedia, communications, input/output

31
Q

HD AKA

A

Hard Drive

32
Q

Hard Disk Drive:

A

Used for permanent storage and quick access

33
Q

SSD AKA

A

Solid State Drives

34
Q

Solid State Drives:

A

utilizes flash memory and has no moving parts

35
Q

HDD AKA

A

Hard Disk Drive

36
Q

Optical Storage Drives Examples

A

DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, CD,

37
Q

DVD AKA

A

digital visual disk

38
Q

Recordable Media examples

A

HDD, SD, DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, CD, BD

39
Q

Removable Media examples

A

USB, Tape Backups, SD memory cards, DVD, CD

40
Q

HDD are sealed how and why?

A

Hermetically sealed to to keep out air flow & build up of any particles.

41
Q

What are the 3 basic parts of HDD?

A
  1. controller
  2. hard disk
  3. read/write heads
42
Q

Hard Disk AKA

A

platters

43
Q

Hard Disk:

A

physical storage medium

44
Q

HD Controller:

A

handles the transfer of data between computer components

45
Q

Read/write heads:

A

is what actually reads/writes data on/from the hard drisk

46
Q

HD geometry include:

A
  • tracks
  • sectors
  • heads
  • cylinders
47
Q

one of the common original HD controllers

A
  • IDE, integrated drive electronics controller
  • enhanced IDE
  • ATA, advanced technology attachment
  • Serial ATA
  • eSATA
48
Q

HDD are relatively very ___, while SSD are very ___

A

Slow, Fast

49
Q

SSD controller:

A

handles the transfer of data between computer components

50
Q

SSD components:

A
  • SSD Contoller
  • DRAM memory
  • NAND Flash chips
51
Q

NAND Flash chips:

A

non-volatile, the actual solid state storage

52
Q

SSD DRAM Memory:

A

performs copy and erase functions

53
Q

SSD geometry include:

A
  • cells
  • pages
  • blocks
54
Q

Advantages of SSD over HDD:

A
  • quieter
  • lighter
  • much faster
  • uses less power
  • generates less heat
  • less likely to get damaged
55
Q

Advantages of HDD over SSD:

A
  • lower cost per unit of storage
  • better upper limit of rewriting on storage location
  • data on SSD decays faster
  • last longer
56
Q

low level formatting:

A

set by the manufacturer. Can only be reset using special tools

57
Q

Partitioning:

A

divides a hard disk’s physical space into defined areas for use by an operating system. allows the OS to treat sections of space in drive as distinct separate drives.

58
Q

Hard-level formatting is like…

A

the file structure or file system. it allows the drive to manage and store the data and has the file system.

59
Q

Window requires which boot record?

A

Volume Boot Record

60
Q

OG partition type:

A

master boot record

61
Q

Master Boot Record:

A
  • traditionally used by the Windows
  • most important structure on HD
  • 3 Substructures
62
Q

What are the 3 substructures of the Master Boot Record?

A
  • Master boot program
  • master partition table
  • two-byte “end of sector” markers
63
Q

Master boot program does what?

A

allows the drive to boot into an OS

64
Q

master partition table is analogous to what?

A

It’s analogous to high-level table of contents in book.

65
Q

Types of Partitions:

A

Primary, extended, logical

66
Q

What’s the max of primary partitions in Master Boot Record?

A

4 primary partitions

67
Q

How can you have more than 4 primary partitions?

A

Make a primary partition into an extended partition so that it can have logical partitions.

68
Q

What’s one limitation of MBR?

A

you can only boot from a primary partition

69
Q

MBR AKA

A

Master Boot Record

70
Q

Volume Boot Record:

A

has information about how to boot the system

71
Q

GUID AKA

A

Globally Unique Identifier

72
Q

what are the 5 parts of GUID?

A
  • Protective MBR
  • GPT Header
  • GPT
  • Partition Entries
  • Backups
73
Q

GPT AKA

A

GUID Partition Table

74
Q

Protective MBR is what?

A

backwards comptability layer to prevent MBR devices from devices destroying GPT disk structure it doesn’t recognize

75
Q

advantages of GUID over MBR:

A
  • supports many more partitions
  • 10 exabyte limit
  • redundany of information about the partitions
  • unique ID for each partition
76
Q

GPU AKA

A

Graphics processing unit

77
Q

Importance of temperature on computer:

A

running computer hardware at higher temps shortens the lifespan and fault more likely.