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UH CIS 2332 > 2021-02-08 Class Meeting > Flashcards

2021-02-08 Class Meeting Flashcards

1
Q

Northbridge AKA

A

MCH

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2
Q

MCH AKA

A

memory control hub

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3
Q

Northbridge is responsible for what?

A

managing the high-speed communications within computers

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4
Q

FSB AKA

A

front-side bus

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5
Q

what is FSB?

A

FSB determines the overall clock speed of the computer and connects the Northbridge and CPU.

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6
Q

Memory Controller is connected to…

A

FSB

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7
Q

Memory Controller is responsible for…

A

the very fast things

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8
Q

FSB vs ___

A

backside bus

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9
Q

what is the backside bus?

A

sometimes connects the cache memory

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10
Q

cache is faster than…

A

regular RAM, but glacial compared to CPU

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11
Q

What adapters are connected to Northbridge?

A

Graphic adapters like PCIe Controller or AGP Controller

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12
Q

Southbridge is responsible for…

A

…management of slower onboard peripherals

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13
Q

Southbridge AKA

A

I/O Control Hub (ICH)

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14
Q

What onboard peripherals is/might connected to the Southbridge?

A

USB, Serial & Parallel, ATA, PS/2, parallel ports, serial ports etc.(taken over by USB)

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15
Q

PCI Expansion Bus is responsible for…

A

slower items for the graphics

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16
Q

What goes through onboard LAN/Southbridge?

A

Wireless and Wired connections

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17
Q

Succinctly, what’s connected to Southbridge?

A

ATA interfaces, Serial ATA, Onboard Audio, PCI Expansion Bus, Onboard USB, Onboard LAN

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18
Q

Volatile Data:

A

Once power is removed the data is gone.

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19
Q

Non-Volatile Data:

A

Stored on system drives and is not impacted by power.

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20
Q

RAM:

A

temporary holding area for both data and instructions.

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21
Q

RAM AKA

A

Random Access Memory OR Main Memory

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22
Q

ROM AKA

A

Read-Only Memory

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23
Q

ROM:

A

type of non-volatile memory that cannot be modified

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24
Q

EEPROM AKA

A

Electrically Erasble PROM

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25
EEPROM:
can be erased electrically and reprogrammed
26
Latency:
Specifically, delay between when memory receives request for data and retrieves the data
27
Latency AKA
Access time
28
Latency measured in...
nanoseconds, billionths of a second
29
Expansion Card:
EC go in Expansion slots. EC is a circuit board installs in a computer to increase capabilities.
30
Types fo Expansion cards:
video, multimedia, communications, input/output
31
HD AKA
Hard Drive
32
Hard Disk Drive:
Used for permanent storage and quick access
33
SSD AKA
Solid State Drives
34
Solid State Drives:
utilizes flash memory and has no moving parts
35
HDD AKA
Hard Disk Drive
36
Optical Storage Drives Examples
DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, CD,
37
DVD AKA
digital visual disk
38
Recordable Media examples
HDD, SD, DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, CD, BD
39
Removable Media examples
USB, Tape Backups, SD memory cards, DVD, CD
40
HDD are sealed how and why?
Hermetically sealed to to keep out air flow & build up of any particles.
41
What are the 3 basic parts of HDD?
1. controller 2. hard disk 3. read/write heads
42
Hard Disk AKA
platters
43
Hard Disk:
physical storage medium
44
HD Controller:
handles the transfer of data between computer components
45
Read/write heads:
is what actually reads/writes data on/from the hard drisk
46
HD geometry include:
* tracks * sectors * heads * cylinders
47
one of the common original HD controllers
* IDE, integrated drive electronics controller * enhanced IDE * ATA, advanced technology attachment * Serial ATA * eSATA
48
HDD are relatively very \_\_\_, while SSD are very \_\_\_
Slow, Fast
49
SSD controller:
handles the transfer of data between computer components
50
SSD components:
* SSD Contoller * DRAM memory * NAND Flash chips
51
NAND Flash chips:
non-volatile, the actual solid state storage
52
SSD DRAM Memory:
performs copy and erase functions
53
SSD geometry include:
* cells * pages * blocks
54
Advantages of SSD over HDD:
* quieter * lighter * much faster * uses less power * generates less heat * less likely to get damaged
55
Advantages of HDD over SSD:
* lower cost per unit of storage * better upper limit of rewriting on storage location * data on SSD decays faster * last longer
56
low level formatting:
set by the manufacturer. Can only be reset using special tools
57
Partitioning:
divides a hard disk's physical space into defined areas for use by an operating system. allows the OS to treat sections of space in drive as distinct separate drives.
58
Hard-level formatting is like...
the file structure or file system. it allows the drive to manage and store the data and has the file system.
59
Window requires which boot record?
Volume Boot Record
60
OG partition type:
master boot record
61
Master Boot Record:
* traditionally used by the Windows * most important structure on HD * 3 Substructures
62
What are the 3 substructures of the Master Boot Record?
* Master boot program * master partition table * two-byte "end of sector" markers
63
Master boot program does what?
allows the drive to boot into an OS
64
master partition table is analogous to what?
It's analogous to high-level table of contents in book.
65
Types of Partitions:
Primary, extended, logical
66
What's the max of primary partitions in Master Boot Record?
4 primary partitions
67
How can you have more than 4 primary partitions?
Make a primary partition into an extended partition so that it can have logical partitions.
68
What's one limitation of MBR?
you can only boot from a primary partition
69
MBR AKA
Master Boot Record
70
Volume Boot Record:
has information about how to boot the system
71
GUID AKA
Globally Unique Identifier
72
what are the 5 parts of GUID?
* Protective MBR * GPT Header * GPT * Partition Entries * Backups
73
GPT AKA
GUID Partition Table
74
Protective MBR is what?
backwards comptability layer to prevent MBR devices from devices destroying GPT disk structure it doesn't recognize
75
advantages of GUID over MBR:
* supports many more partitions * 10 exabyte limit * redundany of information about the partitions * unique ID for each partition
76
GPU AKA
Graphics processing unit
77
Importance of temperature on computer:
running computer hardware at higher temps shortens the lifespan and fault more likely.

UH CIS 2332 (3 decks)

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