2021ACE_Glossary_4 Flashcards
(100 cards)
Gemelli
Plural term for the gemellus inferior and superior, which are both posterior hip muscles that when activated contribute to external rotation of the femur in the acetabulum.
General partnership
A type of business arrangement in which each partner assumes management responsibility and unlimited liability and must have at least a 1 % interest in profit and loss.
General supervision
A method of supervision where the worker (or trainee) does not require the constant attendance of the supervisor (or trainer).
Genu valgum
A knock-knee deformity in which the angulation distal to the knee is away from the mid line of the body. Gestational diabetes mellitus An inability to maintain normal glucose, or any degree of glucose intolerance, during pregnancy, despite being treated with either diet or insulin.
Ghrelin
A hormone produced in the stomach that is responsible for stimulating appetite.
Glucose
A simple sugar: the form in which all carbohydrates are used as the body’s principal energy source.
Glycogen
The chief carbohydrate storage material; formed by the liver and stored in the liver and muscle.
Glycogen sparing
The use of noncarbohydrates as a source of energy during exercise so that the depletion of muscle glycogen stores is delayed. If fat, for example, makes a greater contribution to an athlete’s efforts during the initial stages of a race, more glycogen will be available for the later stages and muscle fatigue will be delayed.
Glycolysis
The breakdown of glucose or of its storage form glycogen.
Goal-setting theory
A theory of motivation developed by psychologists Edwin Locke and Gary Latham that identified a connection between the establishment of goals and task performance.
Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscle
A specialized mechanoreceptor located in the joint capsule responsible for detecting joint compression. Any weight-bearing activity stimulates these receptors.
Golgi tendon organ (GTO)
A sensory organ within a tendon that, when stimulated, causes an inhibition of the entire muscle group to protect against too much force.
Green exercise
Exercise performed in natural environments.
Gross negligence
A form of negligence that is worse than normal negligence. Generally, a waiver clause cannot prevent a suit for gross negligence or for wanton or recklessness or intentional misconduct in any state or jurisdiction.
Ground reaction force
The force exerted by the ground on a body in contact with it.
Group waiver
Waiver that includes lines for multiple signatures.
Growth hormone
A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that facilitates protein synthesis in the body.
Guiding style
A communication style in which the personal trainer helps to motivate, encourage, support, and assist a client in making a change; the personal trainer is engaged but the client is the main player.
Gynoid
Adipose tissue or body fat distributed on the hips and in the lower body (pear-shaped individuals).
Health belief model
A model to explain health-related behaviors that suggests that an individual’s decision to adopt healthy behaviors is based largely upon his or her perception of susceptibility to an illness and the probable severity of the illness. The person’s view of the benefits and costs of the change also are considered.
Health claim
A statement that describes a relationship between a food or food component and the prevention or treatment of a disease or health-related condition.
Health equity
A fair and equal opportunity for every individual to attain their highest level of health.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Enacted by the U.S. Congress in 1996, HIPAA requires the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to establish national standards for electronic health care information to facilitate efficient and secure exchange of private health data. The Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information (“Privacy Rule”), issued by the HHS, addresses the use and disclosure of individuals’ health information-called “protected health information”-by providing federal protections and giving patients an array of rights with respect to personal health information while permitting the disclosure of information needed for patient care and other important purposes.
Healthy Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern
One of three USDA Food Patterns featured in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans; modified from the Healthy U.S.Style Eating Pattern to more closely reflect eating patterns that have been associated with positive health outcomes in studies of Mediterranean-style diets.
