Chapter 14

Question 1

Slow central nervous system functioning resulting in poor coordination, decreased inhibition, slowed heart rate, slowed breathing, and less alertness

Answer 1

Depressants

Question 2

Examples of Depressants

Answer 2

Alcohol, Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates

Question 3

Powerful pain relievers that depress CNS activity

Answer 3

opiods

Question 4

The body’s natural opiod?

Answer 4

Endorphins

Question 5

Examples of Opiods

Answer 5

Opium, heroine, morphine, oxycontin

Question 6

Increase nervous system activity

Answer 6

Stimulants

Question 7

Examples of Stimulants

Answer 7

cocaine, caffeine, and amphetamines

Question 8

Produce hallucinatory changes in sensory perceptions

Answer 8

Hallucinogens

Question 9

Examples of hallucinations

Answer 9

LSD (acid), Mushrooms, PCP (angel dust), Peyote/Mescaline

Question 10

Other drugs that do not belong to a specific category

Answer 10

Marijuana, ecstasy, GHB (date rape drug), Inhalants, and Steroids.

Question 11

What percent of people ages 18-25 qualify for alcoholism?

Answer 11

15%

Question 12

4 symptom clusters used to determine whether there is problematic relationship between the user and drug.

Answer 12

1. Impaired Control
2. Social Impairment
3. Risky Use
4. Pharmacalogical Criteria

Question 13

Explain Impaired Control

Answer 13

1. Problems regulating the use of the substance, such as cravings. This usually happens with painkillers and stimulants.
2. Unsuccessful attempts to quit or cut down.
3. Overuse or using for a longer time than intended
4. Spending excessive amounts of time trying to find the drug or recover from using the drug

Question 14

Explain Social Impairment

Answer 14

Problems with school, work, family, etc. Allowing the drug to cause interpersonal conflicts within families. Giving up social activities to make more time to use the substance.

Question 15

Explain Risky Use

Answer 15

Using under unsafe conditions, such as drinking and driving. Using the substance even though its likely to increase a health problem, like smoking with asthma.

Question 16

Explain Pharmacological Criteria

Answer 16

Develop tolerance (need more of the substance to reach the desired affect) Experience withdrawal symptoms such as headaches, nausea, vomiting, and shakiness.

Question 17

In order to qualify for having a mild substance abuse disorder you must have…

Answer 17

At least 3 symptoms across 2 different clusters

Question 18

What percent of Americans have used alcohol?

Answer 18

90%

Question 19

What percent of Americans with experience alcohol-related problems?

Answer 19

40%

Question 20

What is Binge Drinking?

Answer 20

5 or more drinks for men, 4 or more for women, or having a BAC of .08 or higher.

Question 21

Tips for Drinking Responsibly

Answer 21

Plan ahead (transportation, friends, set your limit), eat, pace yourself, count your drinks, alternate alcoholic beverages with nonalcoholic ones, pick activities where alcohol is a supplement not a focus, and look out for your friends

Question 22

Giving opioid addicts a safer substitute in a medical setting (Heroine -> Methadone)

Answer 22

Substitution Therapy

Question 23

Medication blocks craving and/or “high” from the drug (zyban -> tobacco)

Answer 23

Antagonist Therapy

Question 24

Pairing unpleasant images with unwanted behaviors

Answer 24

Convert Sensitization

Question 25

Pairing drug behavior with aversive stimulus such as vomiting

Answer 25

Aversion Therapy

Question 26

Using reinforcers and punishments to lead to better behavior, like giving vouchers for free stuff if urine tests come back clean

Answer 26

Contingency Management