Lesson E6 - Monthly ovarian cycle

Question 1

The __________ of these hormones is necessary to ensure that a _______ is released at the appropriate time.

Answer 1

• Sequential release

- Mature ovum

Question 2

The __________ of these hormones is necessary to ensure that a _______ is released at the appropriate time.

Answer 2

• Sequential release

- Mature ovum

Question 3

At the beginning of the cycle, the _____levels of both ________ and ________ are low and the endometrium is sloughed (menstruation).

Answer 3

• Plasma
• Estrogen
• Progesterone
• Endometrium

Question 4

In response to the low levels of estrogen and progesterone, the ________________________ begins to secrete _________________________

Answer 4

• Hypothalamus (an area of the brain)

- Gonadotropin releasing factor (GRF)

Question 5

GRF stimulates the anterior pituitary to release follicle stimulating hormone ____ and luteinizing hormone ____ .

Answer 5

• (FSH)

- (LH)

Question 6

In response to FSH, a number of ovarian follicles, each containing _______, begin to ______.

Answer 6

• one ovum

- enlarge

Question 7

After five or six days, one of these follicles develops _____ and the others ______

Answer 7

• Rapidly

- Regress

Question 8

In response to FSH, the maturing follicle begins to secrete _______, ___________ at first, then __________, until it peaks at day ___ of the cycle.

Answer 8

• estrogen
• small amounts
• larger amounts
• 14

Question 9

True or false? Both FSH and LH are required for ovulation.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Near day 14, ___secretion peaks and stimulates the _____________ to grow more rapidly; the follicle _____, then ____, releasing the _____

Answer 10

• LH
• maturing ovarian follicle
• swells
• bursts
• ovum

Question 11

After ovulation, the ovum is picked up by the _____________________ into the fallopian tubes and transported to the ______.

Answer 11

• fimbriae (end of fallopian tubes)

- uterus

Question 12

When does transportation occur?

Answer 12

• during the transport through the fallopian tubes

Question 13

During the period that the follicle is undergoing maturation, estrogen and progesterone are preparing the _________________________ for the arrival of the fertilized _____.

Answer 13

• endometrium (lining of the uterus)

- ovum

Question 14

During the first 14 days of the cycle, the effect of estrogen on the endometrium is one of _____________, as the lining increases in ________.

Answer 14

• growth (proliferation)

- thickness

Question 15

Just prior to day 14, the _______________ begins to secrete increasing amounts of __________. _________ stimulates the endometrium to secrete _______ which are needed to support the __________ as it arrives in the uterus.

Answer 15

• ovary (corpus luteum)
• progesterone
• progesterone
• nutrients
• fertilized ovum

Question 16

Progesterone is the hormone supporting the __________ at this time. After 10 or 12 days, the _______ ceases to function, progesterone secretion ________, and the endometrium loses hormonal support leading to sloughing of the endometrium and _______.

Answer 16

• endometrium
• corpus luteum
• diminishes
• menstruation

Question 17

It should be noted that arrival of the fertilized ovum must occur at the ______________ of the _________. If the endometrium is not suitable, implantation will not occur.

Answer 17

• appropriate development

- endometrium

Question 18

If pregnancy occurs, the uterus will begin to secrete large amounts of _______ and _______; the progesterone will maintain the integrity of the ________ and the pregnancy will continue.

Answer 18

• estrogen
• progesterone
• endometrium