2.1 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Cells and the two types of cells
They are open system
Exchange matter and entertainment with the surrounding
Acquire nutrients and excrete waste
Are the basic unit of life
Types
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Life process within organelles
Intake of nutrients
Movement
Growth
Response to stimuli
Exchange of games
Waste removal
Reproduction
Prokaryotic Def
Lack a nucleus
DNA floats in the cytoplasm
Eukaryotic
Have a nucleus
DNA Is in the nucleus packaged as chromosomes
Cells structure 5 types
Cell wall
Cell memebrence
Nucleus
Cyptlasm
Organelles
Cells wall
Provides strength and support to tye cell, are found in plants , bacteria . Are nsf of cellulose
Cell membrane and its 2 parts
Ita a price barrier
2 parts
Phospholipid bilateral (fluid like)
Proteins
Phospholipids bilayer
Has a lipid bilater that consists of
A phospholipid head
A fatty acid tail
Proteins
Float in the lipid bilateral
Can be receptors for hormones
Channels or pumps molecules travel through
Nucleus
Directs all cellular activities
Is only found in eukaryotes
It contains DNA, a porous membrane, the nucleolus (this stores RNA
Cytoplasm
It is a gel like substance mostly water in both plant and animal , continue nutrients needed for cellular activities, it has organelles suspended in it .
Organelles and its types
Are tiny organs
Are the working unit within the cell (like the working parts of a machine )
Are not vsiisble with a light microscope
Exmaples
Mitochondria (both)
Endoplasmic reticulum (both)
Ribosomes (both)
Glogi apparatus (both)
Lysosomes (animal)
Vaculos qnd vesicles (both)
Chloroplast (plants)
Mitochondria
Is the site of cellular respiration.
Muscle co tians lot of these
It is the power house of the cell
It contains mitochondrial DNA
Endoplasmic reticulum
Is a seris of tube’s used to transport proteins. These is two types. Smooth and rough
Smooth er
Is the site of fat/oil or steroid production
Rough er
Is the site of protein synthesis
Ribosomes
Is the site of pretien synthesis
Take amino acids and make proteins
Glogu apparatus
Stores protein which will be secreted for use outside the cell. Glands contains a lot of these.
Gland make hormones
Lysosomes
Digest bact5 or damaged protein and found in animal cells only
Contains sting enzymes
Is called the suicide sac
Are only found in animals
White blood cells ahve lots of these
Vacuoles and vesicles
Are found in both plants and animals
Both store nutrients and water
Vesicles transport substance thought the cell
Vaculoses swell in plants when water enters (burger pressure)
Chloroplast
Ae found only in plant cells and some artists
Contiansa green pigment called chlorophyll, is the site of photosynthesis. Converts carbon divide and water to sugar. It contains its own DNA
