2.1- Basic Chemisty Flashcards
(21 cards)
List three uses for radiation.
Dating-finding age
Medical imaging
Tracing- labelled glucose
Two or more atoms or the same element bonded.
Molecule
Two or more atoms of different elements bonded together.
Compound
Bond between a metal and a non-metal. Transfer or electrons. Opposite charges attract.
Ionic bond
Bond between two non-metals. Sharing of electrons, no transfer.
Covalent bond
What is the pH scale for acidic solutions?
0-7 pH
How can u tell the difference between an acid and a base?
An acid has an H+
A base has an OH-
What is the pH scale of a basic solution?
7-14 pH
Weak acids or bases that maintain pH by taking excess H+ ions or donating them.
Buffer
What is the use of acid in the stomach (pH 2.5-3)?
Digestion of proteins.
What is the enzyme in the stomach called that digests proteins?
Pepsin
What organ in the body can produces HCO3- changing the pH form 2.5 to 8.5? Why does this organ do this?
Pancreas
To create an environment where different enzymes work.
Where is bile produced? What is its use?
The liver
To work in the small intestine and neutralize acid and emulsify fat.
What does the kidney do to blood?
Buffers blood to adjust the pH by adding and removing H+ and OH- from/to blood.
What does bases do in the lungs?
Keeps the pH between 7.3-7.4 (blood) by breathing.
What does the vagina use acids for?
To protect against bacteria and not allow sperm through.
How does sperm enter the vagina?
Semen protects sperm because it is alkaline and neutralizes the acidity.
What do tastebuds do with acids?
Chemoreceptors detect (H+) acidic food and make them taste sour.
What does the acronym CHNOPS mean?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
Most significant elements found in living things.
What are the subatomic particles and where are they found?
Electrons- in orbitals around the nucleus.
Neutrons and Protons- in the nucleus.
What makes up the mass of an atom?
The nucleus- protons and neutrons.
