2.1 Field Techniques Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the primary consideration when sampling wild organisms?
Minimizing impact on wild species and habitats
This includes ensuring that sampling methods do not harm the organisms or their environments.
Why is it important to consider rare and vulnerable species during sampling?
They may be protected by legislation
Legal protections can include restrictions on sampling practices to ensure their conservation.
Fill in the blank: Sampling should be carried out in a manner that _______ on wild species and habitats.
minimises impact
True or False: All species can be sampled without any legal considerations.
False
Some species are protected by legislation, requiring special considerations during sampling.
What are the three techniques mentioned for sampling wild organisms?
Point count, transect, remote detection
These techniques must be appropriate for the species being sampled.
The chosen technique for sampling wild organisms must be appropriate to what?
The species being sampled
This ensures accurate data collection and analysis.
What hazards can occur from fieldwork?
Weather, difficult terrain, isolation, harmful organisms.
Name smapling techniques.
Point count - observers records all individuals seen from a fixed point count location which can then be compared to other locations or data from same location.
Transect, remote detection, Quadrats.
What is a risk and a risk assessment?
Risk - likelihood of Harm arising from hard.
Risk assessment - identifying risks and control measures to minimise them.
Explain use of quadrats/ transcets.
Quadrats must be of suitable size and shape or transects, they are used for plants and slow moving animals.
How do you sample mobile species?
Capture techniques - traps or nets.
How to sample elusive species?
Directly - camera traps
Indirect - Scat Sampling
How can you identify organisms?
Classification guide, biological keys or analysis or DNA or protein.
What 2 ways can organisms be classified?
Taxonomy and phylogenetics.
Describe taxonomy.
Identifying and naming organisms based on shared characteristics, classic taxonomy is based on morphology.
What is phylogenetics?
Study of evolutionary history and relationships among individuals or groups of organisms uses heritable traits such as morphology, DNA sequences and protein structure to create phylogenetic tree.
Familiarity of taxonomic groups allows predictions and inferences to be made about biology of organism better known as ….
Model organisms
Name the 3 taxonomic groups.
Nematodes
arthropods
Chordates
What are model organisms?
Organisms that are studied easily or have been well studied.
Give examples of model organisms.
E.coli, mice rats zebrafish (chordates).
Explain the mark and recapture method.
Sample of population captured and marked. Then released. After an interval of time second sample is captured and number of marked ones are counted.
How is mark and recapture measured?
N=MC/R
Describe indicator species.
Presence or absence can provide info about environmental qualities such as pollutants.
What does the mark and recapture technique assume?
All individuals have equal chance of capture, no immigration or emigration, individuals that are marked can mix fully and randomly with total population. That there is no births/deaths.
