2.1 Te Ao Māori | Māramatanga / Understanding Flashcards
whakapapa
the deep connection and relationship.
Te Ao Māori or The Māori Worldview acknowledges the whakapapa / the deep connection and relationship of all living and non-living things.
tikanga
correct way of doing things
It is a way of life that is guided by Māori values, principles, tikanga / correct way of doing things and beliefs.
This term comes from the word ‘tika’, which has a number of meanings including to be correct, accurate, true, right, fair, proper, or appropriate. Tikanga (tika-nga) is essentially the process of doing things the right way. Tikanga is the set of values and practices, or way of doing things, that have been developed over time and are deeply embedded and important within Te Ao Māori.
Rohe differences
Tikanga can vary between whānau, hapū and iwi. Tikanga from a particular area can be called tikanga ā-iwi. For example, while manaakitanga / hospitality, care is at the centre of welcoming guests onto a marae for all Māori, the way in which this is done, the tikanga, may be different.
hītori
history
ināianei
the present
mātauranga
knowledge
Koinei te tīmatanga o te whakaterenga waka ki te aumoana o Te Ao Māori
this is where we launch our waka into the open ocean of The Māori World.
rohe
area
Involving Māori in the sharing of their own knowledge and stories is an important part of respecting Te Ao Māori worldview. Learning your local hītori and making connections with the tangata whenua of your rohe / area can help you do this.
Whakapono
Beliefs and Key Ideas
Whakapono refers to the beliefs and key ideas about how the world came to be and works. Māori religion is polytheistic. This means many gods or atua are worshipped instead of one (monotheism). There are atua linked to many different aspects of life and nature such as Papatūānuku, the Earth Mother, her husband Ranginui, the Sky Father and their many children.
There are differences in regions as to which atua are more important. Some regions see different atua as responsible for different things. For example, in Taranaki, Maru was well-known as the god of war, whereas other iwi considered Tūmatauenga as the god of war and mankind.
Papatūānuku
Earth Mother
Ranginui
Sky Father
manaakitanga
hospitality, care
tikanga ā-iwi
“Tikanga” from a particular area.
Tikanga can vary between whānau, hapū and iwi. Tikanga from a particular area can be called tikanga ā-iwi. For example, while manaakitanga / hospitality, care is at the centre of welcoming guests onto a marae for all Māori, the way in which this is done, the tikanga, may be different.
Te Reo Māori
the Indigenous Language of Aotearoa
Rohe differences
Much like tikanga, te reo Māori has differences throughout the motu. Most of these differences are in pronunciation or tribal-specific words and phrases. For example, in Te Waipounamu, Ngāi Tahu can be spelled Kāi Tahu, as in this region and iwi the ‘ng’ can be replaced with a ‘k’.
Kāi Tahu
Ngāi Tahu / Te Waipounamu pronunciation
In Te Waipounamu, Ngāi Tahu can be spelled Kāi Tahu, as in this region and iwi the ‘ng’ can be replaced with a ‘k’.
Toi Māori
Māori Arts
Art forms such as raranga / Māori weaving and whakairo / Māori carving are unique to the Māori culture. This can include Ngā mahi a te Rēhia / Māori performing arts like haka / various Māori cultural dances and waiata / Māori songs. These art forms have evolved over time and now include different, more modern materials and influences.
Rohe differences
Toi Māori are unique in style and presentation throughout Aotearoa, and are often used as a way to represent different stories, tūpuna / ancestors and identities of different rohe.
