2.1.4 Acids Flashcards
What is the definition of an acid?
A proton donor
Why is the name proton donor used?
All acids have H+ (hydrogen)
A hydrogen ion is the same as a proton as there is only one sub-atomic particle and it is positive.
What is a displacement reaction?
When a hydrogen ion from the acid is transferred to somewhere else.
Most acids are only acids when dissolved in water, why?
The ions are become free to move and therefore can donate protons.
What is the formula of phosphoric acid?
H3PO4
What is the formula of ethanoic acid?
CH3COOH
What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
A strong acid completely dissociates, (fully releases Hydrogen ions)
A weak acid partially dissociates making (only some hydrogen ions are released, meaning reactions are reversible).
What is the difference between a concentrated and dilute acid?
Concentrated means there are more hydrogen ions in a given volume
Dilute means there are less hydrogen ions in a given volume.
Why are strong acids able to react quicker than weak acids?
Strong acids have all hydrogen atoms available to react at once.
What is a base?
A proton acceptor.
What is an alkali?
A soluble base that releases hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution.
When are salts formed?
When an acid has one or more of its hydrogen ions replaced by a metal ion or ammonium ion.
Acid+carbonate——>?+?+?
Acid + carbonate——>salt+Carbon dioxide + water
Acid+metal——-> ?+?
Acid+ metal———>salt+hydrogen gas
Acid+Base——->?+?
Acid+base————->salt+water
