4.1.1 basic concepts of organic chemistry Flashcards
what does aliphatic mean?
Carbon chains.
What does alicyclic mean?
Carbon atoms in a ring structure.
what does aromatic mean?
Involving benzene rings.
what is a saturated carbon bond?
Single carbon bonds
what is an unsaturated carbon bond?
A double or triple carbon bond
Define homologous series
A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2.
What are the 2 types of structural formula?
Displayed and skeletal
what is molecular formula?
The actual number of each type of atom in a molecule.
what is a structural isomer?
Structural isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but a different structural formula.
what is position isomerism?
Basic carbon chain remains the same but the functional groups change position
What do curly arrows represent?
The movement of a pair of electrons.
Define homolytic fission.
The even distribution of the electrons in the bond that was broken (e.g chlorine molecule into 2 chlorine radicals each with one electron).
Define heterolytic fission.
The uneven distribution of the electrons from the bond that was broken.
State the two types of covalent bond fission.
Heterolytic fission and homolytic fission.
Define the term radical.
A species with an unpaired electron.
