Inhibit cell wall synthesis

Question 0

Mode of resistance to lactams

Answer 0

Penicillinases (beta lactamases), PBP structure changes, change in porin structure (mainly for gram -)

Question 1

MOA of lactams

Answer 1

Bind PBP, inhibit transpeptidation (cross linking) of cell wall

Question 2

Classes that are lactams

Answer 2

Penicillins, cephalosporins, methicillins,

Question 3

Major use for penicillin V and G

Answer 3

Syphillis

Question 4

Major target of the methicillin, nafcillin, oxacillins

Answer 4

Non mrsa staph aureus

Question 5

Beta lactamase resistant lactams

Answer 5

Methicillin, nafcillin, oxacillins

Question 6

Drug for mrsa

Answer 6

Vancomycin

Question 7

Targets for amoxicillin and ampicillin

Answer 7

Gram + cocci other than staph, listeria, gram -, e. Coli, h. Flu, h, pylori, borrelia

Question 8

Ticarcillin, pipercillin, azlocillin targets

Answer 8

Mainly for pseudomonas but also extended from amoxicillin

Question 9

Tocarcillin, pipercillin, azlocillin can be given which way

Answer 9

IV in hospital

Question 10

Beta lactamase inhibitors

Answer 10

Clavulonic acid and sulbactam and tazobactam

Question 11

Which group of Antibiotics are synergistic with penicillins?

Answer 11

Aminoglycosides

Question 12

All in this wall syn group inhibitors are all nephrotoxic except

Answer 12

Nafcillin, oxacillin they use bile excretion

Question 13

First generation cephalosporins

Answer 13

Cefazolin, cephalexin

Question 14

First generation cephalosporins targets

Answer 14

Gram +, some gram -, was used for surgical prophylaxis

Question 15

Second generation cephalosporins

Answer 15

Cefotetan, cefaclor, cefuroxime

Question 16

Second generation cephalosporins targets

Answer 16

Better gram negative coverage, and cefuroxime can cross blood brain barrier

Question 17

Third generation cephalosporins targets

Answer 17

Broad spectrum, used in empirical management of sepsis and meningitis, NO activity against listeria, atypical pneumonias, MRSA, enterococcus think LAME

Question 18

Fourth generation cephalosporins

Answer 18

Cefepime, which is used IV and is beta lactam resistant

Question 19

Third generation cephalosporins

Answer 19

Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefdinir, cefixime

Question 20

Cephalosporins not excreted thru kidney

Answer 20

Cefoperazone (lipid soluble but cannot get thru blood brain barrier) and ceftriaxone

Question 21

What class is good to use of there is allergy to penicillin/cephalosporins

Answer 21

Macrolides or aztreozam(only if gram - rod)

Question 22

Unique cephalosporins SE

Answer 22

disulfiram like effect mainly by Cefoperazone

Question 23

Imipenem and meropenem MOA

Answer 23

same as penicillin and cephalosporin…are also beta lactamase resistant

Question 24

Imipenem and meropenem used for

Answer 24

Gram + cocci, gram - rods; in hospital use empirically for severe life threatening infections (nosocomial) l; can’t work on MRSA

Question 25

Imipenem must be given with

Answer 25

Cilastatin, it is a renal dihydropeptidase inhibitor to slow metabolism

Question 26

Imipenem somewhat unique SE is

Answer 26

Seizures

Question 27

Aztreozam use

Answer 27

Beta lactamase resistant, only for gram - rods, MOA is like others

Question 28

Vancomycin MOA

Answer 28

bind to D ala D ala muramyl pentapeptide that then stops transglycosylation

Question 29

Vanco uses

Answer 29

Mrsa, C. diff, enterococcus

Question 30

MOA OF resistance for vanco

Answer 30

D ala D lactate changes…this target changes

Question 31

SE of vanco

Answer 31

Red man syndrome, ototoxocity, nephrotoxicity