2.1.5 - 2.1.6: telehealth, diabetes, & patient privacy

Question 1

4 bio/macromolecules

Answer 1

Carbs (main source of energy; converted to glucose & ATP), lipids (secondary source of energy), proteins (last-resort source of energy), and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA).

Question 2

Alpha cells

Answer 2

Produce glucagon

Question 3

Beta cells

Answer 3

Produce insulin

Question 4

Signaling pathway of insulin/glucose

Answer 4

Insulin is released into the bloodstream and binds to insulin receptors on the surface of cells. This opens glucose transporters and allows glucose to enter the cell.

Question 5

Reaction to low blood sugar

Answer 5

Alpha cells in the pancreas secrete the hormone glucagon, which tells the liver to break glycogen (stored glucose) into glucose & release it to the bloodstream.

Question 6

Insulin in type 1 & type 2 diabetes

Answer 6

Type 1: Little/no insulin is produced because the body has destroyed its own beta cells. Type 2: insulin is produced normally, but cells have become resistant & don’t react to it.