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Bio 2 > Ch_33_Invertebrates_Part_1 > Flashcards

Ch_33_Invertebrates_Part_1 Flashcards

1
Q

Phylum Porifera common term

A

The Sponges

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2
Q

number of marine species in Porifera

A

7000

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3
Q

Porifera have _ adults and _ larvae

A

Sessile and Swimming

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4
Q

Sponge 3 layers

A

Outer Epidermis, Mesohyl, Spongocoel

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5
Q

How does water enter and exit Sponge Outer Epidermis

A

enters incurrent Ostia and exits through Osculum

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6
Q

what is the Mesohyl

A

middle layer that consists of gelatinous matrix

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7
Q

What does the Mesohyl gelatinous layer have?

A

spongin, spicules, and amoebocytes

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8
Q

Inner layer of Sponge

A

Spongocoel

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9
Q

Spongocoel is lined with _ to _ water

A

choanocytes, circulate

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10
Q

Sponge cell types

A

collar cells, amoebocytes

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11
Q

What are Sponge collar cells and what do they do?

A

flagellated choanocytes, circulate water

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12
Q

What do Sponge Amoebocytes do?

A

move with pseudopods, clean pores, secrete spongin and spicules

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13
Q

Sponge body forms

A

Asconoid, Syconoid, Leuconoid

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14
Q

3 type of sponges

A

glass, chalk, commercial

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15
Q

glass sponge

A

spicules and spongin made of silica, provide support

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16
Q

chalk sponge

A

spicules and spongin made of calcium carbonate

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17
Q

commercial sponges

A

spongin only, no spicules

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18
Q

sponge spicules types

A

calcareous, Hexactinellida, Domespongiae, spongin

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19
Q

3 types of Phylum Cnidaria animals

A

jellyfish, corals, hydrozoans

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20
Q

Cnidaria defining characteristic

A

nematocytes (cnidocytes), sting prey

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21
Q

Cnidaria 2 tissue layers and seperating part

A

outer epithelium, inner epithelium, mesoglea

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22
Q

2 types of Cnidaria bodies

A

Medusa and Polyp

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23
Q

Cnidaria body structure parts

A

tentacles, nerve net, 2 tissue layers, stinging cells (nematocytes), mesoglea

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24
Q

nematocysts definiton

A

specialized organelles in nematocytes (cnidocytes) to sting prey

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25
Q

Classes of Phylum Cnidaria

A

hydrozoa, schphozoa, cubozoa, anthozoa

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26
Q

Class Hydrozoa forms

A

medusa and Polyp

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27
Q

Class Schphozoa forms

A

Medusa prominent

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28
Q

Class Cubuzoa forms

A

Medusa prominent

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29
Q

Class Anthozoa forms

A

Polyp only

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30
Q

Hydra is a _ water animal

A

fresh

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31
Q

Hydra has a mobile _ body

A

polyp

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32
Q

Number of Hydra tissue layers

A

2

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33
Q

What does a hydra use the Epidermis for

A

catch food with cnidocytes

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34
Q

What does a hydra use Endordermis for

A

digestion

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35
Q

What is the hydra mesoglea

A

middle layer with gellatinous liquid

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36
Q

Hydra sperm created in _ and eggs created in _

A

tests, ovaries

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37
Q

Hydra are _phroditic

A

Hermaphroditic

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38
Q

Hermaphroditic definition

A

male and female on same body

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39
Q

Planula larvae comes from _

A

Fertilized Hydra zygote

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40
Q

Zooplankton

A

part of Hydra sexual reproduction? need to look this up

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41
Q

Hydra asexually reproduce through _

A

budding

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42
Q

Physalia is part of class _

A

Hydrozoa

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43
Q

Physalia common term

A

Portugueses Man-O-War

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44
Q

Physalia live in _ environments

A

marine

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45
Q

Physalia have a Multi-Polyp or Medussa body stile

A

Multi-Polyp

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46
Q

Word for floating air bladder on Physalia

A

pneumatophore

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47
Q

Physalia carry a very _

A

dangerous toxin

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48
Q

Class Scyphozoa common term

A

True Jellyfish

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49
Q

True Jellyfish are mostly Medusa or Ployp form

A

Medusa

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50
Q

Most Jellyfish have colors?

A

no, most are colorless

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51
Q

T/F Jellyfish are easy to see in the water

A

F, nearly invisible

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52
Q

Jellyfish reproduce with _

A

planula larvae

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53
Q

Class Cubozoa common term

A

Box Jellies

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54
Q

Cubozoa hava Dominant Medusa or Polyp form

A

Medusa

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55
Q

Cubozoa characteristics

A

strong swimmers, rudimentary eyes that form images, strong sting, fish predators

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56
Q

Class Anthozoa common term

A

Corals and Anemones

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57
Q

Anemone body form

A

sessile Polyp

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58
Q

T/F Anemone have stinging tentactles

A

T

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59
Q

Anemone asexually reproduce through _

A

budding

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60
Q

T/F Anemone never build reefs

A

F, some build reefs

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61
Q

3 types of Corals reefs

A

Fringing reefs, Barriers, Atolls

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62
Q

Fringing reef grows off of an _

A

island

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63
Q

Barrier reef creates a _ between reef and mainland

A

lagoon

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64
Q

Another word for a circular fringing reef

A

Atoll

65
Q

How does Atoll form

A

starts as fringing reef, but island erodes leaving Atoll

66
Q

Phylum Ctenophora common word

A

The Comb Jellies

67
Q

How do Ctenophore move

A

via 8 rows of thick cilia

68
Q

T/F Ctenophores will sting

A

F, Ctenophora have no stinging cells

69
Q

How do Ctenophores capture food

A

utilizing 2 long sticky tentacles

70
Q

Why are Ctenophora tenticles sticky?

A

contain colloblasts that secrete mucous-like adhesive

71
Q

Some deep water Ctenophora emit light, this is a trait known as _

A

Bioluminescence

72
Q

Common term for Ctenophora

A

Sea Walnuts

73
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes common term

A

The Flat Worms

74
Q

Classes of Platyhelminthes

A

Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda

75
Q

Turbellaria another term

A

Planaria

76
Q

Cestoda another term

A

Tapeworms

77
Q

Trematoda another term

A

Flukes

78
Q

Platyhelminthes characteristics

A

bilateral symmetric acoelomate body, three tissue layers

79
Q

3 tissue layers of Platyhelminthes

A

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

80
Q

How do Platyhelminthes secrete small materials

A

thick protein cuticle/specialized ciliated cuticle with flame cells

81
Q

How do Platyhelminthes secrete large wastes

A

excrected into gut and out mouth

82
Q

This phylum had the first brain

A

Platyhelminthes, 1st brain

83
Q

What was Platyhelminthes 1st brain called

A

nerve ganglion

84
Q

The Platyhelminthes nerves are arranged in a _ shape

A

ladder-like

85
Q

T/F Platyhelminthes are hermaphroditic

A

T

86
Q

What is the advantage of Platyhelminthes being hermaphroditic

A

doubles reproductive rate

87
Q

Class Tubellaria length

A

1 inch

88
Q

Tubellaria have a _ cuticle

A

ciliated

89
Q

Whare do Tubellaria live

A

fresh water lakes and ponds

90
Q

This term describes when and how Tubellaria obtian nutrients

A

Nocturnal Saprovore

91
Q

Free-living Planaria are part of class _

A

Turbellaria

92
Q

Parastic Tapeworms belong to this class

A

class Cestoda

93
Q

What does the Cestoda scolex attach to in host

A

intestine

94
Q

What grows from Cestoda scole

A

proglottids aka body segments

95
Q

How are Cestoda eggs released

A

in feces

96
Q

Cestoda do not have _

A

digestive system

97
Q

Schistosoma belong to this class

A

Trematoda

98
Q

Trematoda phylum

A

Platyhelminthes

99
Q

Schistosoma common term

A

Parasitic Blood Flukes

100
Q

What does Schistosoma cause

A

Schistosomiasis

101
Q

What are the effects of Schistosomiasis

A

infected liver slowly deteriorates

102
Q

What do Schistosoma first infest

A

snails

103
Q

Snails are known as a _ host for Schistosoma

A

secondary

104
Q

Schistosoma exist in _ and _ larval form in Larvae

A

Cercariae and Miracidia

105
Q

How do Schistosoma infect humans?

A

through skin

106
Q

Who are the primary hosts of Schistosoma?

A

humans

107
Q

Number of deaths each year due to Trematoda

A

800,000

108
Q

Clonorchis common term

A

Chinese Liver Fluke

109
Q

Clonorchis class

A

Trematoda

110
Q

How are humans infected with Clonorchis

A

eating larvae infected raw fish

111
Q

Clonorchis _ larvae infect snails

A

Miracidia

112
Q

Clonorchis _ larvae infect fish

A

Cercariae

113
Q

Nematoda common term

A

round worms

114
Q

pseudoecolomate

A

have both anus and mouth and seperate holes

115
Q

nemotoda are _coelomate, but have no _derm support

A

pseudocoelomate and mesoderm

116
Q

many nematodes are _ to obtain energy

A

parasitic

117
Q

do nematodes have seperate sexes

A

yes

118
Q

How do parasitic nematodes prevent being digested when inside host

A

specialized cuticle

119
Q

Pinworms belong to which phylum

A

Nematoda

120
Q

T/F Pinworms do not spread easily

A

F

121
Q

Where do Pinworms usually live

A

lower colon and rectum

122
Q

Where does the Pinworm lay eggs

A

anus

123
Q

Classic symptoms of Pinworms

A

severe itching

124
Q

Pinworms are passed from person to person in what form

A

eggs

125
Q

What is sterilized to treat Pinworms

A

towels, bedding, etc

126
Q

Trichinella Spiralis causes _

A

Trichinosis

127
Q

Trichinella Spiralis phylum

A

Nemotoda

128
Q

How is Trichinella spiralis contracted

A

eating rare pork with larvae

129
Q

Symptoms of Trichinosis

A

painful cysts in muscle tissue

130
Q

Where does female Trichinella Spiralis burrow

A

intestine

131
Q

After Trichinella Spiralis burrows into instestine, it releases offspring into the _

A

blood

132
Q

Filarial Worms common term

A

Heart Worms

133
Q

Filarial phylum

A

Nematoda

134
Q

Microfilaria

A

juvenile filarial worms

135
Q

How are Trichinella spiralis microfilaria worms transmitted

A

mosquito bite

136
Q

Where do Heart Worms grow

A

heart

137
Q

What is the effect of Heart Worms

A

slows blood flow

138
Q

import for pet owners to give dogs _ _ to prevent Heart Worms

A

preventitive medicine

139
Q

Wuchereria bancrofti phylum

A

Nematoda

140
Q

Wuchereria bancrofti causes _

A

Elephantiasis

141
Q

How is Wucheria bancrofti microfilaria transmitted

A

mosquito

142
Q

How are microfilaria transmitted in general

A

mosquito bites

143
Q

How does Elephantiasis cause limbs to swell?

A

tangled nests of Wucheria bancrofti infect lymphatic vessels causing fluid to gather

144
Q

Nematodes generally have seperate/same sexed animals

A

seperate

145
Q

Ascaris phylum

A

Nematoda

146
Q

What do Ascaris worms infest

A

mammals

147
Q

Ascaris have both a _ and _ pathway

A

digestive, respiratory

148
Q

T/F Ascaris are all the same sex

A

F

149
Q

Common animal that ingests Ascaris

A

puppies

150
Q

Phylum Rotifera common term

A

Ciliated Wheel Animals

151
Q

Rotifera are _coelomate

A

Pseudocoelomate

152
Q

Rotifera have a _ body structure

A

bilateral

153
Q

Where do Rotifera live

A

lakes and ponds around the water

154
Q

How do Rotifera capture food

A

spinning ciliated corona

155
Q

Rotifera are dominant female or male life cycle

A

female life cycle

156
Q

Rotifera parthenogenesis produce _

A

eggs

157
Q

When are Rotifera males produced

A

fall, for winter eggs

158
Q

Many Trematoda have larvae in _ and _ forms

A

Miracidia, Cercariae

Bio 2 (17 decks)

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