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Board Review > Micro "Most Commons" > Flashcards

Micro "Most Commons" Flashcards

1
Q

Most common bugs that mimic appendicitis

A

Yersinia enterocolitica
Nontyphoidal Salmonella
Campylobacter jejuni

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2
Q

7 most common causes of bloody diarrhea

A 
Campylobacter
Salmonella
Shigella
EHEC
EIEC
Yersinia enterocolitica
Entamoeba histolytica
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3
Q

6 most common causes of watery diarrhea

A 
ETEC
Vibrio cholerae
C. difficile
C. perfringens
Protozoa
Viruses
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4
Q

Most common causes of pneumonia in neonates (< 4 weeks)

A

Group B strep

E. coli

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5
Q

Most common causes of pneumonia in children (4 weeks - 18 years)

A 
Viruses (RSV)
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia trachomatis (infants-3 years)
C. pneumoniae (school aged children)
S. pneumoniae
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6
Q

Most common causes of pneumonia in adults (18-40 years)

A

Mycoplasma
C. pneumoniae
S. pneumoniae

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7
Q

Most common causes of pneumonia in adults (40-65 years)

A 
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Anaerobes
Viruses
Mycoplasma
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8
Q

Most common causes of pneumonia in elderly

A 
S. pneumoniae
Influenza virus
Anaerobes
H. influenzae
Gram-negative rods
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9
Q

Most common causes of nosocomial pneumonia

A

Staph

Enteric gram-negative rods

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10
Q

Most common causes of pneumonia in immunocompromised

A 
Staph
Enteric gram-negative rods
Fungi
Viruses
Pneumocystis jirovecii - with HIV
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11
Q

Most common causes of aspiration pneumonia

A

Anaerobes

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12
Q

Most common causes of pneumonia in alcoholics and IV drug users

A

S. pneumoniae
Klebsiella
Staph

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13
Q

Most common causes of pneumonia in cystic fibrosis

A

Pseudomonas
S. aureus
S. pneumoniae

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14
Q

Most common causes of postviral pneumonia

A

Staph
H. influenzae
S. pneumoniae

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15
Q

Most common causes of atypical pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma
Legionella
Chlamydia

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16
Q

Most common causes of meningitis in newborns (0-6 months)

A

Group B strep
E. coli
Listeria

17
Q

Most common causes of meningitis in children (6 months-6 years)

A

S.pneumoniae
N.meningitidis
H. influenzae type B
Enteroviruses

18
Q

Most common causes of meningitis in 6-60 year olds

A

S. pneumoniae
N. meningitidis (#1 in teens)
Enteroviruses
HSV

19
Q

Most common causes of meningitis in 60 year old +

A

S. pneumoniae
Gram negative rods
Listeria

20
Q

Most common causes of viral meningitis

A 
Enteroviruses (esp. coxsackievirus)
HSV-2 (HSV-1=encephalitis)
HIV
West Nile virus
VZV
21
Q

Most common causes of meningitis in HIV patients

A

Cryptococcus
CMV
Toxoplasmosis (brain abscess)
JC virus (PML)

22
Q

Most common causes of osteomyelitis given no other information

A

S. aureus

23
Q

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in sexually active

A

N. gonorrhoeae (rare), septic arthritis more common

24
Q

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in diabetics and IV drug users

A

Pseudomonas

Serratia

25
Q

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in sickle cell

A

Salmonella

26
Q

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in prosthetic replacement

A

S. aureus

S. epidermidis

27
Q

Most common causes of osteomyelitis in vertebral disease

A

M. tuberculosis (Pott’s disease)

28
Q

Most common causes of osteomyelitis with cat and dog bites or scratches

A

Pasteurella multocida

29
Q

Most common cause of UTI

A

E. coli

30
Q

2nd most common cause of community acquired UTI in sexually active women

A

Staph saprophyticus

31
Q

3rd leading cause of UTI

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

32
Q

Most common causes of PID

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

Neisseria gonorhoaea

33
Q

Most common bacterial STD in the U.S.

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

34
Q

Most common cause of rash in unimmunized children

A

Rubella: begins at head and moves down with postauricular lymphadenopathy

Measles: begins at head and moves down, rash preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, photophobia and Koplik spots

35
Q

Most common cause of meningitis in unimmunized children

A

H. influenzae type B

Poliovirus

36
Q

Most common causes of pharyngitis in unimmunized children

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

37
Q

Most common causes of epiglottis in unimmunized children

A

H. influenzae type B

Board Review (49 decks)

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