22.10 Psych: memory disorders Flashcards
(13 cards)
What happened to ‘HM’?
Had surgery to relieve seizures–> a bilateral medial temporal lobe resection
Had profound anterograde and some retrograde amnesia
What types of memory are there?
Declarative (episodic, semantic)
Non-declarative (skills/habits, priming/classical conditioning)
What type of memory is procedural
Long term, implicit e.g. for skill acquisition
What is episodic memory a combination of?
Place, time, emotional tone (autobiographical)
What is semantic memory?
General facts, ‘shared knowledge’ and not contextual
Where is declarative memory stored? (L and R)
Hippocampus
L: verbal
R: non-verbal, faces
What occurs in temporal lobe epilepsy?
Hippocampal sclerosis, gliosis
Declarative memory disturbance
What are some midline episodic memory structures?
Anterior thalamus, mamillary bodies
Basal forebrain, mesial temporal region
Retrosplenial cortex
What are some transient memory disorders?
TGA: transient global amnesia (cold water, sex, emotional stress–>anterograde amnesia, self still known)
Transient epileptic amnesia
Post traumatic amnesia
What is the most common cause of dementia?
Alzheimer’s disease (50% of all cases)
What is a mild cognitive impairment
A sub clinical self-reported memory complaint (6-12 months)
Transitional phase between normal aging and dementia
Unaffected general cognitive functioning but objective memory impairment
(problems with name-face association, object-place association)
What are the stages in Alzheimer’s? What areas do these affect?
I-II: transentorhinal (asymptomatic)
III-IV: limbic system (incipient)
V-VI: neocortical association cortex (full AD)
Where does language impairment occur in AD?
Circumlocution in temporoparietal region
