22.9 Anat: Nasal cavity and nasopharynx Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are the cartilages in the nose?
Lateral cartilages
Septal cartilage
Alar cartilage
What process do the nasal bones articulate with?
Frontal process of the maxilla
What is the vomer?
The bone that closes off the nasal septum and separates two halves of the cavity
What is the space between septal processes and lateral wall opening where air goes in and out?
Posterior nare
Which bone can be involved in bad nose breaks?
Ethmoid (can impact meninges, CSF leakage-rhinorrhea, bleeding)
What is located in the superior medial wall?
Olfactory area (epithelium/sensory nerves projecting up into cribiform plate, synapsing in the bulb)
What are some features of the medial wall to humidify and warm the air?
Highly vascular mucous membrane
Cilia on the surface of the respiratory area
What are the bones and spaces on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
Superior/middle/inferior* concha
*inferior is its own bone, others are from lateral plate of ethmoid
(the spaces are called meatus and contain paranasal sinus openings)
What are the sinuses?
What is the clinical significance of these?
Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxillary sinuses
Maxillary sinus can get blocked (due to the high opening), need to sleep on side
What is the only opening in the inferior meatus?
The lacrimal duct (communicating with the inferior meatus and the lacrimal sack)
What arteries supply the nasal cavity?
Lateral/medial walls:
Superiorly: ethmoidal arteries
Posteriorly: sphenopalatine artery
Inferiorly: greater palatine artery
Lateral wall:
Anteriorly: lateral nasal branches of facial artery
Medial wall:
Ant: Superior labial arteries
What is the nerve supply of the nasal cavity?
Trigeminal: V1, V2
Where does the pharynx start and end?
What is it formed by?
Start: Body of sphenoid
End: C6/cricoid cartilage
Formed by a muscular sling
Where do the constrictors project?
What do they do?
Project posteriorly to the midline raphe (joining with muscles from the other side)
Funnels food to the correct hole
What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?
Superior: sphenoid
Inferior: soft palate/uvula
Post: Sup constrictor
Lat: mucosa over muscles
What are 2 features of the nasopharynx?
Roof: contains pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)
Opening of inner auditory tube (equalisation) on inner nasopharynx
What is salpingopharyngeus?
Internal pharyngeal muscle, attaches to the cartilaginous auditory tube (contraction opens this up when there is a blockage)
